West Coast EMT Block 3 Study Guide Newest Version 2024/2025 (ANSWERED)
Medical Assessment Steps - Correct Answer 1) Scene Size up: PENMAN 2) Primary Survey/Resuscitation: General impression, Consciousness (AVPU), Chief complaint, ABC management 3) History Taking: OPQRST/SAMPLE 4) Secondary Assessment: Cardiovascular, Pulmonary, Neurological, Musculoskeletal, Integumentary, GI/GU, Reproductive, Psychological, Social 5) Vital Signs: BP, pulse, respiratory rate and quality, field impression of patient, interventions/treatment 6) Reassessment: Verbal reports/Radio reports O2 administration cheat sheet - Correct Answer 1) Nasal Cannula: Normal/Regular breathing (1-6 liters/min) - Pattern and rate 2) Non-Rebreathable: Normal/Regular breathing (10-15 liters/min, high flow) - Pattern and rate but borderline (10-20 RR) 3) Bag-valve mask: Abnormal/Irregular/Apneic/Absent (15-20 liters/min) - Assist ventilations, artificial ventilations, 8 or 28 breaths/min What part of the brain controls basic bodily functions like blood pressure, breathing, heart rate, swallowing, etc)? - Correct Answer Brain Stem Where does the spinal cord exit the brain? - Correct Answer Foramen magnum TIA (transient ischemic attack) - Correct Answer - A transient ischemic attack which are stroke-like symptoms that resolve on their own in less than 24 hours. - These symptoms occur when blood flow to the brain is obstructed either through atherosclerosis (build-up of calcium and cholesterol in blood vessels) or blood clotting (embolus) Ischemic Stroke - Correct Answer The most common type of strokes caused by a - blockage of blood flow to a particular part of the brain usually by a blood clot inside a blood vessel. Two types of blood clot that may cause the blockage are: - thrombosis (blood clot formed at the site of blockage) embolus (blood clot formed elsewhere and travels to the site of blockage) - atherosclerosis (calcium and cholesterol build up in the blood vessels). Hemorrhagic Stroke - Correct Answer - Occurs as a result of bleeding inside the brain. - In this stroke the blood vessels ruptures and the accumulated blood then forms a clot which compresses the brain tissue.
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