Multiple Sclerosis Test Questions with Answers

Multiple Sclerosis Test Questions with Answers multiple sclerosis - Answer-demyelinating/progressive autoimmune disease of the CNS characterized by multiple s/s (inflammation, gliosis) and by fluctuating periods of exacerbation and remission 20-40 - Answer-average age of onset intention tremor, scanning speech, nystagmus - Answer-charcot's triad of MS scanning speech - Answer-ataxic dysarthria or explosive speech; words/syllables separated by pauses nystagmus - Answer-involuntary rhythmic movement of the eyes Annette Funicello - Answer-name of the mouseketeer that was diagnosed in 1987 autoimmune, inherited genetic susceptibility, environmental, combination - Answer-4 theories of etiology of MS plaques - Answer-demyelinating lesions; scattered throughout the CNS white matter, tend to be symmetrical and can occur anywhere in CNS oligodendrocyte - Answer-make myelin demyelination - Answer-slows neural transmission, causes nerves to fatigue rapidly; or results in total nerve block gliosis - Answer-myelin sheath is ultimately replaced by fibrous scarring produced by glial cells clinically isolated syndrome (CIS) - Answer-1st episode of inflammatory demyelination in CNS that could become MS if additional activity occurs not active - Answer-no clinical relapse or new MRI activity active - Answer-w/ relapses and/or evidence of new MRI activity relapsing-remitting (RRMS) - Answer-characterized by period of acute worsening of neurological function; followed by period w/o disease progression & partial or complete abatement of S/S; characterized by active or not active; most progress into SPMS secondary-progressive (SPMS) - Answer-starts w/ RRMS followed by progression to steady & irreversible worsening of neuro function & accumulation of disability; characterized by active or not active, also with progression or without progression primary progressive (PPMS) - Answer-characterized by a nearly continuous worsening on an objective measure of the disease from the onset without distinct attacks; may experience modest fluctuations in neuro disability; characterized by active/not active & with progression/without progression rapid onset of MS symptoms - Answer-over a course of minutes or hours insidious onset of MS symptoms - Answer-occurring over a period of weeks or months lesion location - Answer-symptoms of MS depend on this cold, flu, UTI, sinus infection - Answer-name the 4 viral/bacterial exacerbating factors hepatitis, pancreatitis, asthma attacks - Answer-name the 3 diseases of major organs that can be exacerbating factors exhaustion, dehydration, malnutrition, sleep deprivation - Answer-name the 4 minor stressors that can be exacerbating factors death, divorce, building house, marriage, losing job, trauma - Answer-name the 6 major stressors that can be exacerbating factors sun, heater, hot bath, humidity/muggy - Answer-name the 4 external pseudo exacerbations for adverse reactions to heat fever, exercise - Answer-name the 2 internal pseudo exacerbations to adverse reactions to heat uthoff's symptom - Answer-adverse reaction to heat is also called early signs of MS - Answer-typically include minor visual disturbances (episodes of double vision) & paresthesia progressing to numbness, weakness, fatigue Lhermitte's sign - Answer-flexion of neck causes "electric shock" down spine & LEs hyperpathia - Answer-hypersensitivity to minor sensory stimuli; light touch or pressure; even pressure from clothes cause pain paroxysmal limb pain - Answer-dysesthesias; any part of body but more common in LEs; most common type of pain w/ MS & is worse at night & AFTER exercise dysesthesias - Answer-abnormal burning, aching trigeminal neuralgia (tic douloureux) - Answer-demyelination of sensory division of the trigeminal nerve innervating the face, cheek, jaw; stabbing facial pain; eating, shaving, touching can trigger pain episode musculoskeletal pain - Answer-associated with muscle/ligament strain; from mechanical stress, abnormal postures, immobility; secondary weak muscles, powerful spasticity, tonic spasms chronic neuropathic pain - Answer-demyelination of spinothalamic tracts or in the sensory roots; more common in patients w/ minimum disability; pain is burning similar to pain w/ disk herniation