Pharm: Exam 1 Chapters 1-7
What are the five phases of the nursing process? - ANSassessment, human need statements,
planning with outcome identification, implementation including patient education, and evaluation
Identify the components of the assessment process for patients receiving medications -
ANSsubjective = what the patient tells you and objective data = what the nurse observes
Discuss the process of formulating human need statements (previous editions identified nursing
diagnoses) for patients receiving medications. - ANSHuman need statements are prioritized in
order of criticality based on patient needs or problems. The ABCs of care (airway, breathing,
and circulation) are often used as a basis for prioritization.
Identify the planning phase of the nursing process with outcome identification as related to
patients receiving medications. - ANSOutcomes are objective, realistic, and measurable
patient-centered statements with time frames.
Discuss the evaluation process associated with the administration of medications and as
reflected by outcome identification. - ANSmonitoring the fulfillment of outcomes, as well as
monitoring the patient's therapeutic response to the drug and its adverse effects and toxic
effects.
Body begins a sequence of processes to manage the drug introduced to the body including: -
ANS• Breaking down the drug
• Eliminating the drug
the specific prescription or medication order (from any prescriber) must be checked for what
seven elements? - ANS(1) patient's name, (2) date the drug order was written, (3) name of
drug(s), (4) drug dosage amount, (5) drug dosage frequency, (6) route of administration, and (7)
prescriber's signature.
For routine medication orders, the standard of care is to give the medications no more than
___________ before or after the actual time specified in the prescriber's order; the exception
includes medications designated to be given stat (immediately) that must be administered within
_____________ of the time the order is written. - ANS1/2 hour, 1/2 hour
Drugs - ANSchemicals that are introduced into the body to cause or induce a change.
Pharmacotherapeutics: Types of Therapies - ANSThe use of pharmacology to treat, prevent,
and diagnose disease. (nurses deal with this branch of pharmacology)
- Drug's effect(s) on the body
- Body's response to the drug
,What are nurse responsibilities in drug therapy? - ANS- Administering drugs
- Assessing drug effect
- Intervening to make the drug regimen more tolerable
- Education on drugs and drug regimens
- Monitoring patient care plan to prevent medication errors
Medication Error - ANSAny preventable event that may cause inappropriate medication use or
patient harm while the med is in the control of a health care professional or patient.
Nine Rights of Medication Administration - ANS1. Right Patient
2. Right Medication
3. Right Dose
4. Right Time
5. Right Route
6. Right Documentation
7. Right Reason
8. Right Response
9. Right to Refuse
Right Drug - ANS- First check for right drug/drug name
- Is it appropriate
- Look it up (don't rely on peers)
- Any questions contact the prescriber
Right Dose - ANS- Written on the order
- Check against available drug stock
- Recheck med calcs. (Check the decimal point)
- Consider pt variables
Which is correct:
A.) 0.2
B.) 2.0 - ANSLead don't trail! 0.2 is ok 2.0 is not
What variables need to be considered when determining if the medication dosage is safe for a
pt? - ANS• Age
• Weight
• Gender
• Height
• Vitals
Right time - ANS- Know the hospital policy (usually one hour before or after administered time is
ok)
- Know the time to be administered
, - The frequency of the medication
- Know when the last dose was given
BID - ANStwice a day
TID - ANSthree times a day
QD - ANSevery day
Right route and form - ANS- Confirm appropriateness of the route
- Can the patient take the med by rx'd route?
- Never assume a route, ask provider!
- Beware of what can/cannot be crushed or altered
Which medications cannot be crushed? - ANSAny sustained release or extended release
medications should not be crushed. Coated drugs should not be crushed. Coated drugs are
used to protect the stomach lining of irritation, and to prevent destruction of the product by
stomach acid, or unwanted reaction.
Right Patient - ANSCheck the patient's ID!!!
• Its ok for parents/legal guardians to speak for peds
• Can check against med profile of order against ID band for patients with altered loc
Right documentation - ANS- Document only after med has been given
- Time, route, any lab values or vital signs as appropriate.
Right Reason - ANSIs it appropriate? Determine by researching patient history and by asking
the patient.
Right response - ANS- Desired response achieved? Any undesired response? Document your
assessment, intervention, monitoring if appropriate.
- Vital signs, weight, edema, labs, intake output...
Right of pt to refuse - ANS- Determine reason
- Document, notify prescriber
What are the two main drug sources? - ANS1.) Natural
2.) Synthetic
Natural sources - ANS• Plant-derived
• Animal derived
• Inorganic compounds
What are the five phases of the nursing process? - ANSassessment, human need statements,
planning with outcome identification, implementation including patient education, and evaluation
Identify the components of the assessment process for patients receiving medications -
ANSsubjective = what the patient tells you and objective data = what the nurse observes
Discuss the process of formulating human need statements (previous editions identified nursing
diagnoses) for patients receiving medications. - ANSHuman need statements are prioritized in
order of criticality based on patient needs or problems. The ABCs of care (airway, breathing,
and circulation) are often used as a basis for prioritization.
Identify the planning phase of the nursing process with outcome identification as related to
patients receiving medications. - ANSOutcomes are objective, realistic, and measurable
patient-centered statements with time frames.
Discuss the evaluation process associated with the administration of medications and as
reflected by outcome identification. - ANSmonitoring the fulfillment of outcomes, as well as
monitoring the patient's therapeutic response to the drug and its adverse effects and toxic
effects.
Body begins a sequence of processes to manage the drug introduced to the body including: -
ANS• Breaking down the drug
• Eliminating the drug
the specific prescription or medication order (from any prescriber) must be checked for what
seven elements? - ANS(1) patient's name, (2) date the drug order was written, (3) name of
drug(s), (4) drug dosage amount, (5) drug dosage frequency, (6) route of administration, and (7)
prescriber's signature.
For routine medication orders, the standard of care is to give the medications no more than
___________ before or after the actual time specified in the prescriber's order; the exception
includes medications designated to be given stat (immediately) that must be administered within
_____________ of the time the order is written. - ANS1/2 hour, 1/2 hour
Drugs - ANSchemicals that are introduced into the body to cause or induce a change.
Pharmacotherapeutics: Types of Therapies - ANSThe use of pharmacology to treat, prevent,
and diagnose disease. (nurses deal with this branch of pharmacology)
- Drug's effect(s) on the body
- Body's response to the drug
,What are nurse responsibilities in drug therapy? - ANS- Administering drugs
- Assessing drug effect
- Intervening to make the drug regimen more tolerable
- Education on drugs and drug regimens
- Monitoring patient care plan to prevent medication errors
Medication Error - ANSAny preventable event that may cause inappropriate medication use or
patient harm while the med is in the control of a health care professional or patient.
Nine Rights of Medication Administration - ANS1. Right Patient
2. Right Medication
3. Right Dose
4. Right Time
5. Right Route
6. Right Documentation
7. Right Reason
8. Right Response
9. Right to Refuse
Right Drug - ANS- First check for right drug/drug name
- Is it appropriate
- Look it up (don't rely on peers)
- Any questions contact the prescriber
Right Dose - ANS- Written on the order
- Check against available drug stock
- Recheck med calcs. (Check the decimal point)
- Consider pt variables
Which is correct:
A.) 0.2
B.) 2.0 - ANSLead don't trail! 0.2 is ok 2.0 is not
What variables need to be considered when determining if the medication dosage is safe for a
pt? - ANS• Age
• Weight
• Gender
• Height
• Vitals
Right time - ANS- Know the hospital policy (usually one hour before or after administered time is
ok)
- Know the time to be administered
, - The frequency of the medication
- Know when the last dose was given
BID - ANStwice a day
TID - ANSthree times a day
QD - ANSevery day
Right route and form - ANS- Confirm appropriateness of the route
- Can the patient take the med by rx'd route?
- Never assume a route, ask provider!
- Beware of what can/cannot be crushed or altered
Which medications cannot be crushed? - ANSAny sustained release or extended release
medications should not be crushed. Coated drugs should not be crushed. Coated drugs are
used to protect the stomach lining of irritation, and to prevent destruction of the product by
stomach acid, or unwanted reaction.
Right Patient - ANSCheck the patient's ID!!!
• Its ok for parents/legal guardians to speak for peds
• Can check against med profile of order against ID band for patients with altered loc
Right documentation - ANS- Document only after med has been given
- Time, route, any lab values or vital signs as appropriate.
Right Reason - ANSIs it appropriate? Determine by researching patient history and by asking
the patient.
Right response - ANS- Desired response achieved? Any undesired response? Document your
assessment, intervention, monitoring if appropriate.
- Vital signs, weight, edema, labs, intake output...
Right of pt to refuse - ANS- Determine reason
- Document, notify prescriber
What are the two main drug sources? - ANS1.) Natural
2.) Synthetic
Natural sources - ANS• Plant-derived
• Animal derived
• Inorganic compounds
