Evolve HESI Fundamentals Practice Qs

Evolve HESI Fundamentals Practice Qs Urinary catheterization is prescribed for a postoperative female client who has been unable to void for 8 hours. The nurse inserts the catheter, but no urine is seen in the tubing. Which action will the nurse take next? A. Clamp the catheter and recheck it in 60 minutes. B. Pull the catheter back 3 inches and redirect upward. C. Leave the catheter in place and reattempt with another catheter. D. Notify the health care provider of a possible obstruction. - ANSWER ANSWER: C It is likely that the first catheter is in the vagina, rather than the bladder. Leaving the first catheter in place will help locate the meatus when attempting the second catheterization (C). The client should have at least 240 mL of urine after 8 hours. (A) does not resolve the problem. (B) will not change the location of the catheter unless it is completely removed, in which case a new catheter must be used. There is no evidence of a urinary tract obstruction if the catheter could be easily inserted (D). The nurse is teaching an obese client, newly diagnosed with arteriosclerosis, about reducing the risk of a heart attack or stroke. Which health promotion brochure is most important for the nurse to provide to this client? A. "Monitoring Your Blood Pressure at Home" B. "Smoking Cessation as a Lifelong Commitment" C. "Decreasing Cholesterol Levels Through Diet" D. "Stress Management for a Healthier You" - ANSWER ANSWER: C A health promotion brochure about decreasing cholesterol (C) is most important to provide this client, because the most significant risk factor contributing to development of arteriosclerosis is excess dietary fat, particularly saturated fat and cholesterol. (A) does not address the underlying causes of arteriosclerosis. (B and D) are also important factors for reversing arteriosclerosis but are not as important as lowering cholesterol (C). Ten minutes after signing an operative permit for a fractured hip, an older client states, "The aliens will be coming to get me soon!" and falls asleep. Which action should the nurse implement next? A. Make the client comfortable and allow the client to sleep. B. Assess the client's neurologic status. C. Notify the surgeon about the comment. D. Ask the client's family to co-sign the operative permit. - ANSWER ANSWER: B This statement may indicate that the client is confused. Informed consent must be provided by a mentally competent individual, so the nurse should further assess the client's neurologic status (B) to be sure that the client understands and can legally provide consent for surgery. (A) does not provide sufficient follow-up. If the nurse determines that the client is confused, the surgeon must be notified (C) and permission obtained from the next of kin (D). The nurse-manager of a skilled nursing (chronic care) unit is instructing UAPs on ways to prevent complications of immobility. Which intervention should be included in this instruction? A. Perform range-of-motion exercises to prevent contractures. B. Decrease the client's fluid intake to prevent diarrhea. C. Massage the client's legs to reduce embolism occurrence. D. Turn the client from side to back every shift. - ANSWER ANSWER: A Performing range-of-motion exercises (A) is beneficial in reducing contractures around joints. (B, C, and D) are all potentially harmful practices that place the immobile client at risk of complications.