BIO210 (Genetics) Final Exam Study Guide With Complete Questions And Correct Answers

Understand the significance of Darwin's finches - Correct Answer Adaptation of beak shape in association with each island. This makes them more "fit" for their environments (ex. Food source that is available on each island) This was a result of natural selection Maximized fitness Darwin's finches represent... - Correct Answer adaptive radiation Adaptive radiation - Correct Answer divergence of a single group/species, each better suited to survive in its specific niche. Split into a series of distinct but related species/groups Phenotype vs genotype - Correct Answer Phenotypic diversity results from genetic diversity: diff. genes = diff. traits Genetic diversity - Correct Answer variation of genes between individuals of a species in a population Translation - Correct Answer process in which ribosomes synthesize proteins after the process of transcription ALX1 - Correct Answer One of the genes in region D in Darwin's Finches Also affects frog development, human cleft palate, known in birds for beak development Transcription Factor - Correct Answer Protein that binds to DNA to initiate (or inhibit) expression of other genes (ex. ALX1) Central Dogma - Correct Answer Flow of genetic information (DNA, RNA, proteins) Genes code for proteins via transcription and translation DNA - Correct Answer double-stranded helix of nucleic acids Chromosome - Correct Answer single, large DNA molecule that is inherited Gene - Correct Answer Functional region of a chromosome Locus (Loci) - Correct Answer a gene, a location on a chromosome