OCS - Medbridge Practice Exam Questions With Verified Answers, Latest Updated 2024/2025 (Graded A+)

Sutlive CPR for Dx of Hip OA in individuals with unilateral hip pain - (1) selfreported squatting as an aggravating factor… (2) active hip flexion causing lateral hip pain (3) scour test with adduction causing lateral hip or groin pain (4) active hip extension causing pain (5) passive internal rotation of less than or equal to 25° Renal pain referral - - pelvis, low back, AND SHOULDER per wiki: "Kehr's sign is the occurrence of acute pain in the tip of the shoulder due to the presence of blood or other irritants in the peritoneal cavity when a person is lying down and the legs are elevated. Kehr's sign in the left shoulder is considered a classic symptom of a ruptured spleen.[1] May result from diaphragmatic or peridiaphragmatic lesions, renal calculi, splenic injury or ruptured ectopic pregnancy." ankylosing spondylitis risk factor - - Crohn's disease and IBS are high Hill-Sachs lesion - - A Hill-Sachs lesion is a compression fracture or depression defect on the posterior humerus that can occur when the humeral head impacts the inferior rim of the glenoid during a shoulder dislocation. Intervention to reduce impact of bone mineral density loss - There is moderate evidence to suggest that high intensity aerobic exercise may be the most appropriate intervention to either reduce the loss or reverse the loss of bone mineral density. (Dutton 2008) OCS - Medbridge Practice Exam Questions With Verified Answers Latest Updated 2024/2025 Graded A+ P a g e 2 | 17 Which of the following is most helpful in the diagnosis of cauda equina due to its high sensitivity? - Urinary dysfunction is common in those who have cauda equina, but urinary retention is more common than urinary incontinence and has a 90% sensitivity. (Small 2005) Non-msk generator for lower abdomen, middle lumbar spine, and buttock region sx? - Individuals who have involvement of the large intestine will exhibit most of their symptoms in the buttock, middle lumbar spine and the lower abdomen, with the symptoms located in the region of T11-L1. (Goodman and Snyder 2013) Lower GI pathology - Yes: - bloody diarrhea - central lbp - fecal incontinence - melena No: - Upper thigh pain is more closely related to reproductive or urinary tract pathologies than lower GI pathologies. (Goodman and Snyder 2013) What is the MCID for the Oswestry Disability Index for patients with chronic low back pain? - Ten points or 20% is the MCID reported in the literature for patients with chronic low back pain. (Davidson 2002) S1 nerve root - Individuals with nerve root involvement of S1 will often have difficulty with plantarflexion and great toe movement, as well as an inability to walk on their toes. In this case, the patient's atrophy of the gastroc/soleus also pointed to an S1 issue. (Cleland and Koppenhaver 2011) P a g e 3 | 17 A physical therapist is performing an examination/evaluation on a patient with low back pain that radiates to the posterior thigh. During the active range of motion assessment, the patient has a replication of symptoms during lumbar flexion. What should the physical therapist's next step be? - repeated motion assessment is an appropriate next step for an individual who exhibits symptoms with range of motion. (Magee 2014) Which special test is most helpful in determining if lumbar mechanical traction is an appropriate intervention? - Crossed straight leg raise test Reason: Fritz et al discussed a subgroup of patients who were most likely to benefit from mechanical lumbar traction. In this subgroup were patients who had a positive crossed straight leg raise test, so utilizing this test is suitable in determining if traction is appropriate. (Fritz 2007) Which clinical findings support lumbar mechanical traction is an appropriate intervention? - peripheralization in both directions (ls flexion and extension) and neurological findings mechanical lumbar traction: what parameters are most appropriate? - 40-60% of body weight for a maximum of 12 minutes Reason: These were the exact parameters prescribed by Fritz et al in their study on the traction subgroup of the treatment based classification. (Fritz 2007) What therapeutic exercise would be most beneficial after using mechanical traction in a prone position? - Prone press-ups Reason: A study by Fritz et al determined that prone lying for at least two minutes, followed by prone press-ups before weight bearing, was most beneficial for complementing the prone traction. (Fritz 2007) P a g e 4 | 17 Femoral nerve innervation - The pectineus, along with the quadriceps, iliacus, sartorius and articularis genus, is innervated by the femoral nerve. (Cleland and Koppenhaver 2011) PS: obturator nerve innervates gracilis and obturator externus, and Transverse abdominis is nnervated by the iliohypogastric and ilioinguinal nerves. gold standard for diagnosis of cervicogenic headaches - The diagnostic gold standard for cervicogenic headaches is a nerve block of the C2 nerve root. This is because the C2 nerve root travels through the obliquus capitis, splenius capitis, and trapezius muscle before then traveling through the occipital notch and innervating the unilateral scalp. Note that sometimes this diagnostic standard also is accompanied with long-term resolution of symptoms for patients with cervicogenic headaches! (Anthony 2000) optimal screening to rule out circulatory insufficiency for patients with head and neck pain - Stratify patients into high, medium, or low risk categories based on historical risk factors and results from special tests or the presence of prodromal symptoms. (Califf 1996) cervical ligamentous instability, which tests should be assessed first - Mintken et al. described the reasoning behind performing the Sharp Purser test first in JOSPT. The Sharp Purser test is an alleviation test, and should be utilized first to determine if there is excessive mobility. Provocative tests, such as the alar ligament stress test, anterior shear test and aspinall test, should only be performed after the Sharp Purser test if no symptoms were generated and no excessive mobility is sensed via the Sharp Purser test. (Mintken 2008) It is recommended (as demonstrated in the MedBridge cervicothoracic videos) to perform the sharp purser test again after provocation tests to help alleviate any symptoms that were aggravated with testing. P a g e 5 | 17 cervical myelopathy risk factors - Asian Hispanic Male female up to 90% of people 70 yo hickening of ligamentous tissue that extends into the spinal canal, along with infolds and loss of capsular flexibility, are commonly seen as risk factors for the development of cervical myelopathy. compressive cause for cervical radiculopathy - Hypertrophy of the uncovertebral joints idiopathic carpal tunnel syndrome, what is the most common cause? - Increased pressure in the carpal tunnel that leads to compression of the median nerve Reason: Because of a mismatch between the size of the median nerve and the carpal tunnel themselves, there is an increase in pressure in the carpal tunnel, which can lead to the pathology, when there is an idiopathic cause of carpal tunnel syndrome. (Uchiyama 2010) PS, Amyloid deposition often occurs in those who have long term dialysis for kidney pathologies. However, this is a secondary cause of carpal tunnel syndrome, not an idiopathic cause. carpal tunnel syndrome treatment options. Based on current evidence, which is true? - - Surgical treatment is more effective than splinting Reason: Although it is unclear if this statement is true for those with mild symptoms, the studies included in a recent Cochrane Review revealed that surgical treatment is more effective than splinting. (Verdugo 2008) UNCLEAR IF SURGERY IS BETTER THAN CSI P a g e 6 | 17 pain with third digit proximal interphalangeal flexion, resisted elbow flexion, and forearm supination. There is mild weakness seen with the strength assessment of the same muscles. Which pathology? - Pronator teres syndrome Reason: Pronator teres syndrome, or compression of the median nerve between the two heads of the pronator teres muscle, would cause the symptoms seen with this patient. (Netter 2014 and Magee 2014) Motions to avoid with posterolateral corner injury - - tibia ER - hyperextension - knee varus grade 3 posterior cruciate ligament injury, what is recommended regarding weight bearing status - Partial weight bearing for 2-4 weeks after injury Reason: Patients who have a grade 3 posterior cruciate ligament injury should be partial weight bearing for 2-4 weeks after injury or surgery with hinge brace locked in extension, and then move to full weight bearing after that point (Janousek 1999 and Logerstedt 2 2010). external rotation recurvatum test and the posterior sag sign are positive - Posterolateral corner injury and posterior cruciate ligament injury Reason: This patient tests positive with the posterior sag sign and the external rotation recurvatum test, and the posterior sag sign tests for the integrity of the posterior cruciate ligament whereas the external rotation recurvatum test is looking at the posterior cruciate ligament and the posterolateral corner of the kene. (Magee 2014) Finding consistent with posterolateral corner injury? - Sharp pain in the knee during terminal stance and push off during gait Reason: DeLeo et. al discuss the finding of sharp pain during terminal stance and push off as being a finding common to posterolateral corner injuries. (DeLeo 2003) P a g e 7 | 17 Ottawa Knee Rules - Age 55 or older OR Isolated tenderness of the patella No bone tenderness of knee other than patella OR Tenderness of the head of the fibula OR Cannot flex to 90 degrees OR Unable to bear weight both immediately and in the emergency room department for 4 steps activity is most likely to be limited in the long term after a posterior cruciate ligament injury - Reason: In those who had posterior cruciate ligament tears, high speed running was the activity most affected in the long term as reported by Logerstedt et al in the APTA's clinical practice guidelines on knee ligament sprains. (Logerstedt 2 2010) ruling in a posterior cruciate ligament tear - Reason: The posterior drawer test has a specificity of 99% as discussed by Logerstedt et al in the clinical practice guidelines for ligament sprains from the orthopaedic section of the APTA. However, the posterior sag sign has a specificity of 100%. What is the percentage of individuals who have a rotator cuff lesion, but are asymptomatic? - 67% Reason: Two thirds of individuals with small rotator cuff tears are asymptomatic per Fermont et al. (Fermont 2014)