ITM 301 Exam 1 Questions & Answers 100% Solved

Bits - ANSWER-building blocks of a digital computer (aka binary digits) Machine language - ANSWER-most basic instructions to the computer's processor are stored as sequences of bits and make up this Data - ANSWER-raw info processed by computers Types of Data - ANSWER-Numeric data, text data, raw binary data Numeric Data - ANSWER-values that can be used in mathematical calculations Text Data - ANSWER-letters, punctuation marks, and digits that can be displayed or printed Raw Binary Data - ANSWER-special formats such as image, video, and sound files Software - ANSWER-a digital rep of instructions on the computer Hardware - ANSWER-a computer and its related equipment Central Processing Unit (CPU) - ANSWER-performs the computer's processing activity; made up of control unit and arithmetic logic unit (ALU) Control unit - ANSWER-handles instructions sent to it by application programs, the operating system, and system devices; fetch, decode, execute, store ALU - ANSWER-does mathematical calulations Random access memory (RAM) - ANSWER-"main memory"; the temporary storage place for instructions and data while the computer is running Read-only memory (ROM) - ANSWER-data can be read, or accessed, but not changed; contains instructions for the system to perform a self-test as it powers up and to load the operating system from hard drive storage into main memory Algorithm - ANSWER-steps formulated to solve a problem, stated clearly and correctly Pseudocode - ANSWER-a structured, English-like language used to rep steps in an algorithm Syntax Rules - ANSWER-ordering, spacing, indentation, and punctuation rules Keywords - ANSWER-terms reserved for special purposes Data sets - ANSWER-type of testing program created to see how the program behaves at data boundaries Decimal numbering system - ANSWER-uses the value 10 as its base Binary numbering system - ANSWER-A numbering system that uses two digits, 0 and 1 American Standard Code for Information Interchange (ASCII) - ANSWER-character-coding system uses 8 bits, consisting of a unique arrangement of eight 0s and 1s for each character Unicode - ANSWER-developed in the late 1980s to address these alphabets; 16-bit system capable of 65536 characters Variables - ANSWER-programmer-designated names for memory locations Values - ANSWER-the numeric or text data you want to keep track of Declaring - ANSWER-informs the computer that you want to associate a particular name with a particular data type