HSRT Test Prep Latest Update with Verified Solutions

HSRT Test Prep Latest Update with Verified Solutions Assumption a claim that is accepted as the truth without sufficient evidence Inference When someone is making an inference, they are coming to a conclusion which is based on evidence, which in turn brings the individual to their conclusion. The conclusion however isn't explicit, but rather implied from the evidence. Inferences are different to assumptions because they are based on some evidence. However, inferences aren't always correct, and shouldn't be accepted as truth. Definitely true given all the information in the passage, it is certainly the case that this inference is correct Probably true given all the information in the passage, it is likely that the inference is correct. However, it is not guaranteed. Insufficient data to say whether it is true or false Given all of the information in the passage, it is impossible to say whether the inferences is true or false Probably false given all of the information in the passage, it is likely that the inference is incorrect. However, it is not guaranteed. Definitely false Given all of the information in the passage, it is impossible for the statement to be correct. Interpretations similar to inferences, but focus on whether a conclusion logically follows from a statement. For example, if it's made clear that there can only be white and black swan in the world, an interpretation o this statement would be that there's no such thing as a green swan. Deductions similar to interpretations, but are stricter in their logical format. Valid deductive arguments are arguments which, if all premises are true, then the conclusion cannot be false. Example: Premise 1: The book is on the shelf Premise 2: If the book is on the shelf, then it isn't on the floor. Conclusion: The book is not on the floor. Evaluations determine how strong an argument is by comparing it to the information its based on. What constitutes a strong or weak argument usually depends on how relevant the argument is, how well supported it is by the statement, and whether or not it avoids argumentative fallacies. What is a logical fallacy? a statement that is given as support but is really an error in reasoning Strawman Misrepresenting someone's argument to make it easier to attack Slippery slope This is a conclusion based on the premise that if A happens, then eventually through a series of small steps, through B, C,..., X, Y, Z will happen, too, basically equating A and Z. So, if we don't want Z to occur, A must not be allowed to occur either. Example: If we ban Hummers because they are bad for the environment eventually the government will ban all cars, so we should not ban Hummers. Hasty generalization this is a conclusion based on insufficient or biased statement. In other words, you are rushing to a conclusion before you have all the relevant facts. Example: Eventhough it's only the first day, I can tell this is going to be a boring course. appeal to emotion manipulating an emotional response in place of a valid or compelling argument False cause a category of informal fallacies