Critical Care Paramedic Chapter 22 Neonatal Emergencies Exam

Critical Care Paramedic Chapter 22 Neonatal Emergencies Exam Newborn - Answer-First few hours of life Neonate - Answer-first 28 days Term newborn - Answer-Born between 37 and 42 weeks gestation why do neonates become cold easily? - Answer-High body to surface area ratio What is hypothermia associated with? - Answer-Hypoxia, Longer coag times, reduced platlet function When is surfactant present during gestation - Answer-23 weeks What is the neonates respiratory rate and tidal volume? - Answer-30-60 breaths a min, 5-7 ml/kg What is the volume loading dose for a neonate? - Answer-10-20 ml/kg Where does the oxygenated blood from the placenta enter the heart? - Answer-Right Atrium Where does most of the oxygenated blood pass from the RA after coming from the placenta - Answer-Left Atrium Where does most blood flow after leaving the RV - Answer-Aorta via the ductus arteriosis What does clamping the umbilical cord do to the systemic vascular resistance? - Answer-Causes a sharp rise in SVR What is the foramen ovale? - Answer-the flap that separates the R and L Atria in a neonate What causes the foramen ovale to close after birth? - Answer-Increased venous return from the lungs to the L atria causes an increase in pressure that forces it shut. What is the ductus arteriosis? - Answer-an area of the pulmonary artery that is attached to the aorta in a neonate, allows for oxygenated blood from the placenta to enter the systemic circulation from the R Ventricle When does the ductus arteriosus close? - Answer-As soon as 6hrs after birth What is patent Ductus Arteriosis? - Answer-Ductus arteriosis fails to close What osmolarity can neonates concentrate their urine to - Answer-500-700 mOsm/kg What fluid is commonly used for maintenance in the first 24hrs - Answer-D10w How should pain be treated in neonates - Answer-possibly with pacificer dipped in D10W or with opiate analgescis When are APGAR scores recorded? - Answer-1 and 5 min intervals What are the indications for ventilation of a neonate? - Answer-PR 100bpm Respiratory effort is inadequate, ineffective or absent What is the APGAR score of an infant with: Pink extremities, Pule 90, Grimace, Some flexion and irregular respirations? - Answer-A - 2 P - 1 G - 1 A - 1 R - 1 6 Total