AC3 Exam 1 questions with correct answers|100% verified

AC3 Exam 1 questions with correct answers Triage - Correct Answer-score of 1= emergent Score of 5 = non-urgent Emergent - Correct Answer-(life threatening): respiratory distress, chest pain, stroke, active hemorrhage, unstable vital signs Urgent - Correct Answer-(quickly/not life threatening): severe abdominal pain, displaced or multiple fx, PNA Non-urgent - Correct Answer-(can wait without fear of deterioration): skin rash, strains and sprains, colds, simple fractures Primary survey - Correct Answer-A: Airway and cervical spine (if cervical spine is not maintained, airway is not maintained); do they have a patent airway? Do they need c collar? Do they need O2? B: Breathing; rescue breathes? Chest trauma? C: Circulation; hemorrhaging? - large bore IV D: Disability: Neuro status; Glascow (5-17) 3 is the lowest and at 8 or less you intubate E: Exposure: Expose the body, look for evidence. Also think exposure to cold or heat. Massive uncontrolled bleeding it changes to CABDE heat exhaustion - Correct Answer-symptoms r/t DHD fatal DHD and hyponatremia -s/s: faint or dizzy, excessive sweating, cool, pale, clammy skin, rapid weak pulse muscle cramps, tiredness, weakness, HA -can lead to a heat stroke -get to a cool, air conditioned place -drink water, if conscious- CHANGED; DO NOT DRINK WATER. Worsen hyponatremia because flushing out w normal water. -take a cool shower or use cold compress -Heat stroke - Correct Answer-: throbbing HA, no sweating, red, hot, dry skin, rapid, strong pulse, may lose consciousness, CALL 911. Can suddenly go into a ventricular arrythmia due to rapid HR - cannot sustain -can aspirate if take fluids PO -recommendations: light colored t-shirt (dark shirts pull sunlight and heat in), sports drink instead of water, salt tablets are not a good option bc can cause N/V/D losing more electrolytes and fluid. -heat stroke; body temp can 104F -Inability to regulate temp -emergency care for heat stroke- prehospital - Correct Answer-ensure patent airway, remove from hot environment, remove clothing, pour/spray cold H20 over body/scalp (scalp bc brain is cooking), all available people fan patient, use ice if available-scalp, groin, back of neck, armpits, call 911 -hospital to icu (MODS): - Correct Answer-oxygen by NC, mask, or intubation, large bore IV prepare for NS (cooled if available), use cooling blanket- no ASA or antipyretics (in order to work you must have a functioning hypothalamus, hypothalamus is impaired. Also the liver is failing. When the liver is failing, platelets are not working. ASA or Tylenol will thin blood more), rectal probe (core body temp)- assess q15 minutes, insert foley urine output, urinalysis & specific gravity, serum electrolytes, cardiac enzymes, liver enzymes, CBC, ABG, benzos for shivering (shivering will raise body temp again)- Ativan, lorazepam, valium -Stop cooling at 102- body will kick in itself to cool down. *monitor -SNAKE: - Correct Answer-most nonpoisonous. Cottons mouths, copperheads, rattlers, water moccasins. -prehospital: safety, rest- increased movement= increased circulation= spread venom, BELOW HEART, jewelry and clothes, 911, picture of snake for antivenom, wrap -hospital: airway, respiratory failure, 2-large bore IVs, airway equipment at bedside, anti-venom if available. Once tx is started, elevate to level of heart to prevent COMPARTMENT SYNDROME.