Emt Medical Fisdap Study Guide Questions With Correct the Answers

Ateriovenus shunt - Answer Artificial device allows an artery to flow to a vein without moving through capillaries. Complications of renal dialysis - Answer Hypotension, muscle cramps, nausea and vomiting, hemorrhage from the access site, and infection at the access site. What does insulin do - Answer When you eat, insulin is secreted from the pancreas. Insulin opens up the cell for sugar. Hypoglycemia - Answer Lack of sugar in the blood. Can be deadly. Treatment for low blood sugar - Answer Oral glucose. Hyperglycemia (Diabetes) - Answer An excess amount of sugar in the blood. Too little insulin makes cells unable to absorb glucose. Cell switch from normal metabolism to abnormal metabolism. It begins to breakdown fat. It begins to create Ketone in the body. Ketone is very acidic. And patient will have a fruity smell to their breath. Treatment for Hyperglycemia - Answer Rapidly transport to the hospital. Diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) Pathophysiology - Answer Causes Kussmaul Respirations (Rapid, Deep breaths) Increased blood sugar, fruity smelling breath. Acidosis - Answer The accumulation of acids in the body High Blood Sugar long term effects - Answer Blindness, Neuropathy(Nerve Damage), Necrosis(tissue death), Lose Limbs, Kidney Problems Commonly silent MIs Hypoglycemic Crisis Blood Sugar level - Answer Blood sugar Below 40 Hypoglycemia blood sugar level - Answer Blood sugar 40-80 Normal Blood Sugar - Answer Blood sugar 80-120 Hyperglycemia blood sugar level - Answer Blood sugar 120-400 Diabetic Ketoacidosis (DKA) or hyperglycemic hyperosmolar nonketotic coma (HHNC) blood sugar level - Answer Blood sugar 400-800 Hyperglycemic Crisis blood sugar level - Answer Blood sugar 800-up Hyperglycemia Signs & Symptoms - Answer Kussmaul respirations (rapid, deep respirations), Dehydration, as indications of dry warm skin "tenting". Sunken eyes. A sweet or fruity odor or the breath, caused by Ketones. A rapid, weak pulse (tready) A normal or slightly low blood pressure. Varying degrees of unresponsiveness. Weakness, nausea, and vomiting. Polyuria (excessive urination), Polydipsia (excessive thirst), Polyphagia (excessive eating) Restlessness, possibly progressing to coma; abnormally slurred speech; unsteady gait(movement). Hyperglycemia Caused by - Answer Patient is not under medical treatment Takes an insufficient amount of insulin, Excessive eating Undergoing stress that may cause infection, illness, overexertion, fatigue, or drinking alcohol. #1 cause of diabetic death in pediatrics - Answer Cerebral edema caused by hyperglycemia Hypoglycemia Signs and symptoms - Answer Pale, moist skin (Clammy Diaphoresis sweating), Dizziness, headache, Rapid pulse, Normal to low blood pressure, altered metal status, (Acting drunk mean, aggressive, confused, lethargic, or unusual behavior.) Anxious or combative behavior, Hunger, Seizure, fainting, or coma, weakness on one side of the body (may mimic stroke) Rapid changes in mental status. Hypoglycemic Crisis caused by - Answer Taken too much insulin, Taken a regular dose of insulin but has not eaten enough food, Had an unusual amount of activity or vigorous exercise and used up all available glucose Diabetes patients Commonly - Answer Do not take their insulin when they get sick and go in to hyperglycemic crisis. What is required to give oral glucose. - Answer Patient can hold a glass of water and sip it. Make sure the tube of glucose is intact and has not expired. Aplastic crisis - Answer A condition in which the body stops producing red blood cells; typically caused by infection. Diabetic Ketoacidosis (DKA) - Answer A form of hyperglycemia in uncontrolled diabetes in which certain acids accumulate when insulin is not available. Endocrine Glands - Answer Glands that secrete or release chemicals that are used inside the body. Endocrine System - Answer Regulates metabolism and maintains homeostasis Glucose - Answer One of the basic Sugars; it is the primary fuel, in conjunction with oxygen, for cellular metabolism. Hematology - Answer The Study and prevention of blood-related disorders Hemolytic crisis - Answer A rapid destruction of red blood cells that occurs faster than the body's ability to create new cells. Hemophilia - Answer A congenital abnormality. Body is unable to produce clots, which results in uncontrollable bleeding