ATI Comprehensive 1 (Test 2019 A) Latest Complete Solution Guide With 100% Excellence Answers.

S/S of a hemolytic transfusion reaction - correct answer low back pain, tachycardia, hypotension What vaccine is safe to administer to a client who is pregnant? - correct answer Tdap (between 27-36 weeks) What is Sims' position? - correct answer Client is side-lying with flexion of hip and knee What are some potential causes of fixed, dilated pupils? - correct answer Brain aneurysm, brain tumor, cerebral edema head trauma, increased intracranial pressure, intracranial hemorrhage, stroke What is incidence proportion? - correct answer The proportion of an unaffected population that becomes affected in a specified time period What is prevalence proportion? - correct answer # of people affected by something in relation to # of people in population What action does meconium staining of amniotic fluid necessitate? - correct answer Prepare equipment needed for newborn resuscitation (in case of aspiration). Endotracheal suctioning is recommended if the newborn has poor respiratory effort, decreased muscle tone, and bradycardia after delivery. Photosensitivity vs photophobia? - correct answer Photosensitivity: Light irritates skin Photophobia: Light irritates eyes A nurse is developing an educational program about bioterrorism and smallpox. The nurse should include in the teaching that the smallpox rash is expected to first appear where? - correct answer On the face When should ACE inhibitors be taken in relation to meals? - correct answer 1 hour before or 2 hours after meals What is the moro reflex and when should it disappear? - correct answer Startle reflex-elicited by striking the surface next to newborn to startle him/her which causes abduction and extension of arms. Reflex dissipates after 4 mo (continued presence is associated with neurological disorder) At what age should an infant be allowed to try finger foods? - correct answer Self-feeding finger foods such as crackers at around 6 mo of age How long should an infant receive breast milk or iron-fortified formula? - correct answer Until 1 year of age What is open-angle glaucoma? - correct answer Damage to optic nerve from increased pressure from overproduction of fluid = painless ipsilateral dilated pupil, gradual tunnel vision, optic disc cupping *Open-angle: angel where iris meets cornea is as wide as it should be; it's normal What are the APGAR score ranges? - correct answer 0, 1, or 2 score in each of 5 categories. 1. skin color (pink all over) 2. heart rate (100/min.) 3. respiratory effort (good, strong cry) 4. muscle tone (well-flexed extremities) 5. reflex irritability (responds to stimulation with cry, cough or sneeze) 0-3 severe distress 4-6 moderate distress 7-10 no distress What is closed-angle glaucoma? - correct answer Glaucoma in which the iris dilates and pushes against the lens of the eyes, disrupting flow of aqueous humor into the anterior chamber. This pressure in the posterior chamber then pushes the peripheral iris forward and blocks the angle causing intraocular eye pressure to damage optic nerve **ONLY KIND THAT CAUSES PAIN What is meperidine (Demerol)? - correct answer Opioid for moderate-to-severe pain. Which group is most at risk for developing Hep A? - correct answer Children and young adults b/c it is acquire through feces, bile, and blood of infected agents and they get it from school, poor hygiene, hand-to-mouth contact, or another form of close contact What is buprenorphine? - correct answer - Opioid "partial" agonist -Binds to opioid receptors, causing partial activation, but not enough to experience "high" or euphoria -Also acts indirectly as an opioid antagonist, blocking effects of other opioids Can estrogen-containing birth control pills be taken while breastfeeding? - correct answer No. Estrogen-containing birth control pills, implants, patches, and vaginal rings should not be taken d/t risk of inhibiting breast milk production What is the normal urine osmolality value? - correct answer 50-1200 mOsm/kg What happens to pupils during opioid toxicity? - correct answer Pinpoint What does the maternal serum alpha-fetoprotein screen for? - correct answer Open neural tube defects which takes place 16-18 weeks of gestation Vaso-occlusive crisis - correct answer Ischemia and pain caused by sickle-shaped red blood cells that obstruct blood flow to a portion of the body.