CARE OF CHILDBEARING FAMILY-NACE QUESTIONS WITH 100 % CORRECT ANSWERS | VERIFIED

Subjective Changes - Answer-Amenorrhea, nausea and vomiting, fatigue, urinary frequency, breast changes, quickening, abdominal enlargement. Objective Changes - Answer-Pregnancy test, fetal heart sounds, fundal height. Developmental task of becoming a parent - Answer-Love and protect the child, parents identify changing roles and are willing to make the lifestyle changes, parents identify with parents roles, parents discuss what roles mean, couple incorporates child into relationship, couples support each other. Preparation of Siblings/Grandparents - Answer-Grandparents- Delighted with newborn. May feel negativity towards growing older. Provides long term help. Demands of helping raise the grandchild can be stressful. Siblings- Often experience jealousy towards the newborn. Let the sibling help with care of the infant. Continue you to show affection to all children. Iron and Folic Acid Supplements - Answer-Folic acid- Decreases risk of neural tube defects. Iron supplements- A woman is anticipating a short time period between pregnancies is atrium for irondeficiency anemia. Encourage iron rich foods. Parent Classes - Answer-Educate on how to hold, suction, bath, and dress the newborn. True/False Labor - Answer-Braxton Hicks contractions are irregular contractions that begin during early pregnancy and are perceived by the pregnant woman. If cervix is not dilated and contractions remain irregular or stop, it is known as false labor (prodromal labor). True labor has cervical change, regular contractions, and pink mucous. Common Discomforts of Pregnancy - Answer-Nausea, vomiting, heartburn, constipation, leg cramps, backache, urinary frequency.Alpho-feto Protein - Answer-Determines the level of this protein in the pregnant women's blood serum or in a sample of amniotic fluid. Correct interpretation requires accurate gestational age. Test usually preformed at 16-18 weeks gestation. High levels may cause spina bifida. Low levels may cause chromosomal anomalies or hydatidiform mole. Amniocentesis - Answer-Performed to obtain amniotic fluid containing fetal cells. Under direct visualization of ultrasound a thin needle is inserted through the abdominal and uterine walls to withdraw amniotic fluid into a syringe. Sufficient fluid must be present for the test to be done, usually 15 to 17 weeks gestation. Check for genetic disorder, levels of AFP, neural tube defects, and chromosomal defects. Minimal risk of abortion in late pregnancy. Check Rh compatibility. Fetal Biophysical Profile - Answer-Monitors the fetal breathing, gross fetal movements, FHR variability and reactivity to NST, and volume of amniotic fluid. Used after 26 weeks gestation. Assesses hypoxia and loss of muscle tone. Ultrasound - Answer-Used to visualize internal organs and tissues. Bladder must be full, so woman should drink 1-2 quarts of water before procedure. Confirms pregnancy and gestational age, verifies death, rules out abnormalities, observes fetal movement. High Risk Pregnancies - Answer-Diabetes mellitus, cardiac disease, AIDS, HIV. Adolescent Pregnancy - Answer-There may be financial problems, shame, guilt, relationship problems with the infants father, and feelings of low self-esteem. Alcoholism and substance abuse may be a part of the complex picture. Advise patient to eat foods rich in calcium and vitamin D, regular exercise and muscle activity is necessary for bone health. Mature Pregnancy - Answer-Women over age 35 years may have a decreased ability to adjust their uterine blood flow to meet the needs of the fetus. Increased risk of congenital anomalies. Multiple Pregnancy - Answer-Preterm labor is common because of the overdistention of the uterus. There is an increased frequency of anemia, hypertension, and hemorrhage. The woman is more likely to hemorrhage because of an overdistention of the uterus.Infertility - Answer-The inability to conceive and maintain a pregnancy after 12 months of unprotected sexual intercourse. Autoimmune disorders, diabetes, eating disorders, alcohol, obesity, old age, STI, environment pollution, impotence, smoking. Sexually Transmitted Diseases - Answer-STIs can cause pelvic inflammatory disease. Pelvic inflammatory disease can lead to infertility, chronic hepatitis, and cervical and other cancers. STIs can pass to the fetus by crossing the placenta, some by delivery in birth canal. Harmful effects include preterm birth, low birth weight, neonatal sepsis, and neurological damage. Substance Abuse - Answer-Exposure to alcohol during pregnancy places the developing fetus at higher risk for fetal death, low birth weight, IUGR, metal retardation, and fetal alcohol syndrome. Exposure to illicit drugs during pregnancy is associated within incidences of preterm birth, Abruptio placentae, drug withdrawal for neonate, and a variety of congenital defects. Abortion - Answer-Abortion is the intentional or unintentional ending of a pregnancy before 20 weeks gestation, the point of viability. Miscarriage is a late term applied to a spontaneous abortion. Abortion can be induced as a result of artificial or mechanical means for therapeutic or elective reasons. Bleeding/cramping may indicate an abortion. Rh negative mother should receive RhoGAM. Pregnancy Induced Hypertension - Answer-Classified as blood pressure above 140/90 in pregnancy. Monitor for proteinuria (preeclampsia) and seizures (eclampsia). Take BP every 4 hours. Bleeding Disorders - Answer-Placenta previa- Occurs when the placenta abnormally implants near or over the cervical os instead of in the fundus of the uterus. May cause hemorrhage or premature birth. Abruptio placenta- Premature separation of placenta. Causes bleeding and often pain. DIC- Disseminated intravascular coagulation is a condition in which a coagulation defect prevents blood from clotting.Rh Problems - Answer-Rh negative mother and Rh positive baby causes an incompatibility. Antibodies may work to destroy the fetus. First Rh baby is rarely affected seriously. RhoGAM at 28 weeks and 72 hours after birth. Coombs test. TORCH - Answer-Toxoplasmosis, other, rubella, cytomegalovirus, herpesviruses. Stages of Labor - Answer-Four total stages. First stage includes the latent, active, and transition phase.