Stahl's Ch 1 Chemical Neurotransmission exam questions with complete solution

Stahl's Ch 1 Chemical Neurotransmission exam questions with complete solution neurons - Correct Answers-cells of chemical communication within the brain. have many sizes, shapes and lengths that determine function. localization in brain also affects function when neurons malfunction - Correct Answers-behavioural symptoms occur that may improve or worsen with drugs general structure of a neuron - Correct Answers-dendritic spines, dendrites, cell body (soma), axon synaptic connections - Correct Answers-axodendritic (between the axon and dendrites of two neurons), axosomatic (between the axon and the soma), axoaxonic (between the axons of two neurons) synaptic cleft - Correct Answers-gap between presynaptic neuron and post synaptic neuron. contains proteins and scaffolding and molecular forms of synaptic glue to reinforce the connection between the neurons. receptors present on both sides of the cleft. these receptors are key elements in chemical transmission classic synaptic neurotransmission - Correct Answers-stimulation of presynaptic neuron causes electrical impulses to be sent down the axon terminal. these electrical impulses are then converted into chemical messengers and released to stimulate the receptors of a post synaptic neuron. six key neurotransmitter systems targeted by psychotropic drugs - Correct Answers-dopamine, norepinepherine, serotonin, acetylcholine, glutamate and GABA other important neurotransmitters and neuromodulators - Correct Answers-histamine, neuropeptides and hormones input to any neuron - Correct Answers-can involve many different neurotransmitters coming from many different neuronal circuits (hence many different types of medications to treat disorders) communication between neurons at synapses - Correct Answers-is chemical, not electrical. it occurs after excitation-secretion coupling. usually from pre-synaptic to post synaptic neuron. retrograde neurotransmission - Correct Answers-once the signal gets to neuron #2, it talks back to neuron #1. endocannabinoids do this, they are synthesized in the post synaptic membrane then diffuses back to the presynaptic cannabinoid receptors. volume neurotransmission - Correct Answers-neurotransmission without a synapse. chemical messengers spill over to the sites distant to the synapse by diffusion. excitation secretion coupling - Correct Answers-process by which electrical impulse is converted to chemical signal at th