UNE Medical Biochem Final Test Questions with Complete Answers Rated A+

The cellular uptake of LDL increase intracellular cholesterol levels. This has which of the following impacts on de novo cholesterol synthesis? - Increases degradation of HMG-CoA reductase Dietary cholesterol is primarily transported in the body by which of the following lipoproteins? - Chylomicrons. Cholesterol and TG from diet are transported from intestine to liver via chylomicrons. The LDL receptor is also highly regulated in the cell. Which of the following proteins targets the LDL receptor for degradation? - Proprotein converts subtillisin/kexin type 9 (PSK9) Bile salts are synthesized from cholesterol and are used for the emulsification of dietary lipids. What is the primary fate of bile salts during digestion? - They are absorbed in the ileum. Secondary bile salts are excreted in the feces. A deficiency in the LDL receptor will result in an initial decrease in which of the following? - Intracellular cholesterol A 45-year-old man has a mild heart attack and a history of vascular disease. He is placed on a Mediterranean diet and statin drug therapy. Which of the following will be the most likely result of this drug therapy? - Low blood LDLs Statins: directly reduce de novo cholesterol synthesis and increase LDL receptor expression--increase LDL uptake and reduce circulating levels of LDLs Secondary bile salts lack a hydroxyl (OH) group when compared to primary bile salts. What is the consequence of the loss of this group? - Secondary bile salts are less soluble. Less likely to be absorbed. Which of the following is NOT required for the transport of newly synthesized fatty acids to the adipose? - Carnitine to shuttle the fatty acids out of the mitochondria. Carnitine shuttle is required for the process of beta-oxidation to transport fatty acyl chains into the mito. What is the primary component of a VLDL particle? - Triagcylglycerols From de novo synthesis in the liver. A 5-year-old presents to her primary care physician. Her mother is concerned due to persistent diarrhea which is worse when eating fatty foods. The child also has some clinical signs of a deficiency in vitamins A, D, E, and K (fat soluble vitamins). Based on this information, the child likely has a deficiency in the ability to synthesize which of the following lipoproteins? - Chylomicrons Chylomicrons transport dietary fats and fat soluble vitamins. VLDL particles have which of the following combinations of apoproteins in their mature form? - ApoB100, ApoCII, ApoE