Pharmacology II BSN 315 HESI Review Questions With Complete Solutions

Pharmacology II BSN 315 HESI Review Questions With Complete Solutions Rapid acting Insulin - Lispro is a rapid acting insulin ( 15 min.), so meals should be readily available at time of administration. Patients who take this are at risk for hypoglycemic reaction to occur shortly after administration. Hyperthyroidism- medication administration - Propylthiouracil (PTU) blocks the conversion of T4 to T3, which decreases hormone synthesis, and Lugol's solution (iodine, potassium iodide, together with distilled water) provides iodine needed in the thyroid hormone molecule. When an anti-thyroid drug & iodine should be administered at least 1 hour before the PTU, which enhances the therapeutic effect of both drugs. Spironolactone- Heart failure - Hyperaldosteronism, a disease in which the adrenal glands make too much aldosterone, causing high blood pressure & low potassium levels, & spironolactone is used to spare potassium. The nurse should therefore instruct the client to limit foods that are high in potassium. Topical Antifungal - The nurse should instruct the client to obtain a prescription for an antifungal medication to treat their toenail fungal infection. Gout-medications - Uricosuric drugs promote the excretion of uric acid, & are used primarily in the treatment of chronic gout. Glaucoma miotics- side effects - Miotics cause pupillary constriction. This reduces the eyes ability to dilate at night, & decreases night vision. Bulk-Forming Laxative teaching - The nurse should inform the client that bulk-forming laxatives should be mixed with a glass of water just prior to administration & follow with an additional glass of water to prevent fecal impaction. COPD- discharge medication - Guaifenesin is a mucolytic prescribed to liquefy secretions. The nurse should review guaifenesin with the client to facilitate expectoration of thick mucus associated with COPD. Acetylcysteine evaluation - To determine if the medication is having the desired effect, the nurse should ask the client about the amount of phlegm production, as acetylcysteine is a mucolytic agent. The desired action is to liquify thick secretions, so they can be removed through coughing or suctioning.