ASWB bachelors exam- Unit 1 Human Development, Diversity, & Behavior in the Environment study Guide 2024

Typical and Atypical Physical Growth and Development Answer-Human growth, development, and learning become progressively complex over time and are influenced through a variety of experiences and interactions. Each developmental stage has distinctive characteristics; however each builds from the experiences of earlier stages. The domains of development are integrated in within the child, so when one area is affected, other areas are also affected. Because growth and development are generally predictable, social workers should know the milestones of healthy development and signs of te [poteital delay or disability. Typical and Atypical Cognitive Growth Answer-Cognitive development focuses on development in terms of information processing, conceptual resources, perceptual skill, language learning, and other aspects of brain development. -Jean Piaget was a developmental psychologist best known for his theory of cognitive development. -Piaget's theory holds that children learn through interaction with the environment and others. -A major controversy in cognitive development has been "nature and nurture" (whether cog dev is mainly determined by a client's innate qualities (nature), or by his or her personal experiences (nurture). Piaget's Cognitive Development Stages Answer-1. Sensorimotor (0-2 years) 2. Preoperational (2-7 years) 3. Concrete Operations (7-11 years) 4. Formal Operations (11 through maturity) 1. Sensorimotor (0-2 years) Answer--retains image of objects -develops primitive logic in manipulating objects -begin intentional actions -play is imitative -signals meaning-infant invests meaning in event (babysitter arrives means mother is leaving) -symbol meaning (language) begins in last part of stage 2. Preoperational (2-7 years) Answer--progress from concrete to abstract thinking -can comprehend past, present, and future -night terrors -acquires words and symbols -magical thinking -thinking is not generalized -thinking is concrete, irreviersible, and egocentric -cannot see another point of view -thinking is centered on one detail or event -imaginary friends may emerge during this stage (which is completely normal)