MCN 374 Exam IV Questions with complete solution 2024

MCN 374 Exam IV Questions with complete solution 2024 Fluid Differences: Newborn - correct answer 75% total body water - ECF 45%, ICF 30% ECF is easily lost Have a higher body surface area, can't drink a lot at one time because their stomachs are small, higher metabolic rate, respiratory rate, and risk for insensible fluid loss Fluid Differences: Infant - correct answer 65% total body water - ECF 25%, ICF 30-40% High BSA promotes fluid loss Little fluid reserve for intracellular fluid 5-6x greater fluid exchange daily High metabolic rate requires generous fluid intake Fluid Differences: Child/Adolescent - correct answer 50% total body water - ECF 10-15%, ICF 40% Kidneys are immature until 2yrs and unable to conserve water and electrolytes or fully assist with acid-base balance Why do we drink water? - correct answer Maintain vascular volume Maintain plasma osmolality Replace fluid loss Types of Fluid Orders: Maintenance - correct answer Compensating for ongoing losses (sensible fluid losses) Types of Fluid Orders: Deficit Fluids - correct answer Fluids lost prior to hospitalization E.g. trauma, vomiting Types of Fluid Orders: Replacement Fluids - correct answer To meet ongoing losses due to medical treatment E.g. chest tube placement Calculating Maintenance Fluid Dose - correct answer Up to 10kg - 100ml/kg/24hrs 11-20kg - 50ml/kg 20kg - 20ml/kg for remaining body weight Up to 10kg - 100ml/kg/24hr 11-20kg - 1000ml + (50mL/kg for weight above 10kg)/24hr 20kg - 1500mL + (20mL/kg or weight above 20kg)/24hr