NURS 102 MED SURG EXAM 1 (Answered) VERIFIED SOLUTION

NURS 102 MED SURG EXAM 1 (Answered) VERIFIED SOLUTION Severe Disability Is present if a person is not able to perform 1 or more activities, uses assistive device for mobility, or needs help from another person to accomplish basic activities. Impairment describes a loss or abnormal body structure or physiologic function, including mental function. Societal Participation used in the WHO classification system in place of handicap to acknowledge the fact that the environment is always interacting with people to either assist or hinder participation in life activities. According to the WHO what percentage of the world has some type of disability? 15% Cognitive Disability Defined as limitations in mental functioning and difficulties with communication, self-care, and difficulty with social skills Developmental Disability Occurs any time from birth to 22 years of age and result in impairment of physical or mental health, cognition, speech, language, or self-care What are some examples of Developmental Disabilities? spina bifida, cerebral palsy, Down syndrome, muscular dystrophy, dwarfism, and osteogenesis imperfecta Intellectual Disabilities occurs before 18 years of age and is characterized by significant limitations in both intellectual functioning as well as in adaptive behavior, including many everyday social and practical skills. Sensory Disability Characterized by impairment of the sense of sight, hearing, smell, touch, and/or taste. Includes ability to learn, remember, concentrate, speak/communicate, care for oneself. Invisible Disability Not immediately noticed by the naked eye, it may be mental or emotional Secondary Health Conditions any physical, mental, or social disorders resulting directly or indirectly from an initial disabling condition The Medical Model of Disability understands persons with disabilities as having atypical bodies and/or minds that are deviant, pathological, and defective. Disability is a condition in need of "treatment" and a "cure." The problem of disability is located in the individual, defective body. The Rehabilitation Model of Disability Regards disability as a deficiency that requires a rehabilitation specialist or other helping professional to fix the problem. People with disabilities are often perceived as having failed if they do not overcome the disability. The Social Model of Disability Also referred to as the barriers or disability model, views disability as socially constructed and as a political issue that is a result of social and physical barriers in the environment. Its perspective is that disability can be overcome by removal of these barriers. The Biopsychosocial Model of Disability integrates the medical and social models to address perspectives of health from a biologic, individual, and social perspective The Functional Model considers disability as an umbrella term for impairments, activity limitations, participation restrictions, and their interaction with environmental factors. Addresses components of health rather than consequences of disease. The Interface Model promotes care designed to be empowering rather than care that promotes dependency. It takes into account the disabling condition and its disabling effects. Furthermore, it promotes the view that people with disabilities are capable, responsible people who are able to function effectively despite having a disability. The Rehabilitation Act of 1973 protects people from discrimination based on their disability. This act applies to employers and organizations that receive financial assistance from any federal department or agency, including many hospitals, long-term care facilities, mental health centers, and human service programs The ADA (1990) mandates that people with disabilities have access to job opportunities and to the community without discrimination based on having a disability Reasonable Accommodation Modifications or adjustments to a job or job application process that accommodate persons with disabilities but do not impose a disproportionate or undue burden on the employer. United Nations Conventions on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities (CRPD) identifies the rights of people with disabilities to receive the highest standard of health care, without discrimination Structural Barriers for Disability stairs, lack of ramps, and narrow doorways may prevent people who are wheelchair users from entering facilities, restroom facilities that lack grab bars or sufficiently large restroom stalls, elevated toilet seats, and accessible sinks Non-Visible Barriers for Disability negative and stereotypical attitudes (e.g., believing that all people with disabilities have a poor quality of life and are dependent and nonproductive) on the part of the public. Medicare A federal program of health insurance for persons 65 years of age and older, people with permanent kidney injury, and qualified people with disabilities. Title II of the Social Security Disability Insurance provides for payment of disability benefits to disabled individuals who are "insured" under the Act by virtue of their contributions to the Social Security trust fund through the