1|Page
NUR 524 EXAM 2 2024 WITH ACTUAL
CORRECT QUESTIONS AND VERIFIED
DETAILED RATIONALES ANSWERS BY
EXPERTS |FREQUENTLY TESTED
QUESTIONS AND SOLUTIONS |ALREADY
GRADED A+ | NEWEST |LATEST UPDATE
|GUARANTEED PASS
ABCDE of skin cancer risks
Asymmetry
Border
Color
Diameter
Evolving
Patients ages 20-75 years and LDL-C ≥190 mg/dl,
use high-intensity statin without risk assessment
atorvastatin 40 - 80 mh
rosuvastatin 20 - 40 mg
When to start a statin? T2DM and age 40-75 years
use moderate-intensity statin and risk estimate to consider high-intensity statins.
In those with multiple ASCVD risk factors, consider high-intensity statin with the aim of lowering LDL-C
by 50% or more.
When to start a statin? Age 40-75 years and LDL-C ≥70 mg/dl and <190 mg/dl without diabetes, Risk 5%
to <7.5% (borderline risk).
Risk discussion: if risk-enhancing factors are present, discuss moderate-intensity statin and consider
coronary CACs in select cases.
When to start a statin? Age 40-75 years and LDL-C ≥70 mg/dl and <190 mg/dl without diabetes, Risk
≥7.5-20% (intermediate risk)
Risk discussion: use moderate-intensity statins and increase to high-intensity with risk enhancers.
,2|Page
hen to start a statin? Age 40-75 years and LDL-C ≥70 mg/dl and <190 mg/dl without diabetes, Risk ≥20%
(high risk).
Risk discussion to initiate high-intensity statin to reduce LDL-C by ≥50%.
For a patient with CVD what is the LDL goal?
LDL < 70
MOA of biguanides
decrease hepatic glucogeogenesis
MOA of sulfonylureas
increase insulin secretion
MOA of thiazolidinediones
increase insulin sensitivity in muscle and fat
What level of A1C is considered diabetic?
6.5% A1C or higher
What level of A1C is considered pre-diabetic?
5.7 - 6.4
Where is the best place to hear aortic valve?
second intercostal space, right sternal border
Where is the best place to hear pulmonic valve?
second intercostal space, left sternal border
Where is the best place to hear tricuspid valve?
fifth intercostal space, left sternal border
Where is the best place to hear mitral valve?
fifth intercostal space, midclavicular line
Is mitral stenosis a diastolic or systolic murmur?
diastolic
Which murmurs are systolic and which are diastolic?
Mitral regurg-systolic
Aortic regurg-diastolic
Aortic stenosis-systolic
Mitral stenosis-diastolic
,3|Page
MRS ARD ASS MSD
In general A1C goal is what for control of type 2 diabetes
<7
Question about 15 year old wrestler with cellulitis→ treatment for cellulitis?
Oral doxycycline, sulfa or clindamycin
All three of these cover MRSA
Should see improvement in 3-4 days; follow-up in 48 hours
Report worsening s/s-ER for IV abx
What are some of the common Cardiac risk factors
Tobacco Use
Dyslipidemia
Family history of premature ASCVD (men <55yo, women<65yo)
Type 2 Diabetes
HTN
Premature menopause and/or history of pre-eclampsia, gestational diabetes
Chronic inflammatory disease (psoriasis, lupus, RA)
HIV/AIDS
Obesity
Sedentary lifestyle
American Diet
South Asian ancestry
Chemotherapy with vasotoxicity potential and/or past chest radiation
Non-coronary vascular disease (i.e. ABI <0.9) PVD
High sensitivity CRP >2.0mg/L
Risk should be assessed regularly, and modification plan discussed with the patient
Goals of Afib treatment?
Rate control < 100
Stroke prevention = anticoagulants
Rythm control if having significant symptoms
Risk Factor Modifcation
MOA of ACE Inhibitor?
Inhibits the conversion of angiotensin I to angiotensin II and block the effects of angiotensin II
Angiotensin II increases BP by ..
Vasoconstriction
Increase in sympathetic activity
Stimulates aldosterone
MOA of ARB?
, 4|Page
Blocks binding of angiotensin II to its receptor
Angiotensin II's effects do not happen
MOA of Calcium Channel Blockers?
Decrease strength of ventricular contraction and promotes vasodilation
Antibiotic prophylaxis for endocarditis?
AHA/ACC still recommend prophylaxis for certain individuals (prosthetic valve hx, prior IE, congenital
heart disease unrepaired or with ongoing valvular dysfunction, cardiac transplants with dysfunctional
valve/s)
Primarily dental procedures. No longer recommended for cutaneous, GI or GU procedures
identify the presentation of myocarditis?
Primarily affects young to middle aged adults
Has been an increase in myocarditis with COVID-19 and COVID-19 vaccines
Causes
Infection - viruses most common in North America
Drug-related
Auto-immune
Clinical Presentation
Wide range:
Tachycardia with exaggerated response to any exertion
Chest pain
New or worsening heart failure
Cardiogenic shock or life threatening arrhythmias
Goal for BP readings?
<130/80
Addison's disease, what hormone level am I looking at?
Cortisol
Suppression of cortisol
Autoimmune attack on adrenal cells
How do patients present with cortisol suppression?
tired/lethargic
Weakness
Poor appetite
Weight loss
Skin changes such as hyperpigmentation on extremities
What is going to happen to labs in addsions?
NUR 524 EXAM 2 2024 WITH ACTUAL
CORRECT QUESTIONS AND VERIFIED
DETAILED RATIONALES ANSWERS BY
EXPERTS |FREQUENTLY TESTED
QUESTIONS AND SOLUTIONS |ALREADY
GRADED A+ | NEWEST |LATEST UPDATE
|GUARANTEED PASS
ABCDE of skin cancer risks
Asymmetry
Border
Color
Diameter
Evolving
Patients ages 20-75 years and LDL-C ≥190 mg/dl,
use high-intensity statin without risk assessment
atorvastatin 40 - 80 mh
rosuvastatin 20 - 40 mg
When to start a statin? T2DM and age 40-75 years
use moderate-intensity statin and risk estimate to consider high-intensity statins.
In those with multiple ASCVD risk factors, consider high-intensity statin with the aim of lowering LDL-C
by 50% or more.
When to start a statin? Age 40-75 years and LDL-C ≥70 mg/dl and <190 mg/dl without diabetes, Risk 5%
to <7.5% (borderline risk).
Risk discussion: if risk-enhancing factors are present, discuss moderate-intensity statin and consider
coronary CACs in select cases.
When to start a statin? Age 40-75 years and LDL-C ≥70 mg/dl and <190 mg/dl without diabetes, Risk
≥7.5-20% (intermediate risk)
Risk discussion: use moderate-intensity statins and increase to high-intensity with risk enhancers.
,2|Page
hen to start a statin? Age 40-75 years and LDL-C ≥70 mg/dl and <190 mg/dl without diabetes, Risk ≥20%
(high risk).
Risk discussion to initiate high-intensity statin to reduce LDL-C by ≥50%.
For a patient with CVD what is the LDL goal?
LDL < 70
MOA of biguanides
decrease hepatic glucogeogenesis
MOA of sulfonylureas
increase insulin secretion
MOA of thiazolidinediones
increase insulin sensitivity in muscle and fat
What level of A1C is considered diabetic?
6.5% A1C or higher
What level of A1C is considered pre-diabetic?
5.7 - 6.4
Where is the best place to hear aortic valve?
second intercostal space, right sternal border
Where is the best place to hear pulmonic valve?
second intercostal space, left sternal border
Where is the best place to hear tricuspid valve?
fifth intercostal space, left sternal border
Where is the best place to hear mitral valve?
fifth intercostal space, midclavicular line
Is mitral stenosis a diastolic or systolic murmur?
diastolic
Which murmurs are systolic and which are diastolic?
Mitral regurg-systolic
Aortic regurg-diastolic
Aortic stenosis-systolic
Mitral stenosis-diastolic
,3|Page
MRS ARD ASS MSD
In general A1C goal is what for control of type 2 diabetes
<7
Question about 15 year old wrestler with cellulitis→ treatment for cellulitis?
Oral doxycycline, sulfa or clindamycin
All three of these cover MRSA
Should see improvement in 3-4 days; follow-up in 48 hours
Report worsening s/s-ER for IV abx
What are some of the common Cardiac risk factors
Tobacco Use
Dyslipidemia
Family history of premature ASCVD (men <55yo, women<65yo)
Type 2 Diabetes
HTN
Premature menopause and/or history of pre-eclampsia, gestational diabetes
Chronic inflammatory disease (psoriasis, lupus, RA)
HIV/AIDS
Obesity
Sedentary lifestyle
American Diet
South Asian ancestry
Chemotherapy with vasotoxicity potential and/or past chest radiation
Non-coronary vascular disease (i.e. ABI <0.9) PVD
High sensitivity CRP >2.0mg/L
Risk should be assessed regularly, and modification plan discussed with the patient
Goals of Afib treatment?
Rate control < 100
Stroke prevention = anticoagulants
Rythm control if having significant symptoms
Risk Factor Modifcation
MOA of ACE Inhibitor?
Inhibits the conversion of angiotensin I to angiotensin II and block the effects of angiotensin II
Angiotensin II increases BP by ..
Vasoconstriction
Increase in sympathetic activity
Stimulates aldosterone
MOA of ARB?
, 4|Page
Blocks binding of angiotensin II to its receptor
Angiotensin II's effects do not happen
MOA of Calcium Channel Blockers?
Decrease strength of ventricular contraction and promotes vasodilation
Antibiotic prophylaxis for endocarditis?
AHA/ACC still recommend prophylaxis for certain individuals (prosthetic valve hx, prior IE, congenital
heart disease unrepaired or with ongoing valvular dysfunction, cardiac transplants with dysfunctional
valve/s)
Primarily dental procedures. No longer recommended for cutaneous, GI or GU procedures
identify the presentation of myocarditis?
Primarily affects young to middle aged adults
Has been an increase in myocarditis with COVID-19 and COVID-19 vaccines
Causes
Infection - viruses most common in North America
Drug-related
Auto-immune
Clinical Presentation
Wide range:
Tachycardia with exaggerated response to any exertion
Chest pain
New or worsening heart failure
Cardiogenic shock or life threatening arrhythmias
Goal for BP readings?
<130/80
Addison's disease, what hormone level am I looking at?
Cortisol
Suppression of cortisol
Autoimmune attack on adrenal cells
How do patients present with cortisol suppression?
tired/lethargic
Weakness
Poor appetite
Weight loss
Skin changes such as hyperpigmentation on extremities
What is going to happen to labs in addsions?
