NUR 234 Exam 3 Questions with 100% Correct Answers | Verified

NUR 234 Exam 3 Questions with 100% Correct Answers | Verified spontaneous abortion (miscarriage) when a pregnancy is terminated before 20 weeks of gestation or a fetal weight of less than 500 grams cause of spontaneous abortion unknown, chromosomal abnormalities (account for 50%) what is important to ask of the client who believes they are miscarriage? any woman who thinks she is miscarrying, tell her to save clots or material passed for your health care provider to examine what term should be used when talking to clients, abortion or miscarriage? miscarriage, medical term abortion can be misunderstood miscarriage s/s vaginal bleeding, uterine cramping, partial or complete expulsion of products of conception when are medical interventions necessary for miscarriages? Unless the client has a complete miscarriage, medical intervention will be necessary to evacuate the uterus with medications or D&C (dilation and curettage) dilation and curettage (D&C) widening or dilation of the cervix and involves the scraping or removal of tissue from the lining of the uterus (endometrium). A curette, which is a spoon-shaped instrument, is inserted through the dilated cervix into the uterus. The doctor then carefully scrapes the uterine lining to collect tissue. threatened abortion Cervix is closed, no tissue has passed, and fetal heart tones are present - With or without slight cramping, moderate spotting imminent/inevitable abortion Contractions cause cervical dilation to a point where the loss cannot be stopped - Moderate cramps, moderate to severe bleeding, no tissue passed, dilation with tissues or membranes bulging at the cervix imminent/inevitable abortion cause? can happen for unknown reasons or poor placental attachment incomplete abortion The delivery has begun. Parts of the products of conception have passed, but the full passage of the products has not been completed. - Severe cramps, continuous and severe bleeding, dilation in cervical canal, chromosomal or uterine abnormality - ex: the baby has been delivered, but the placenta remains complete abortion All products of conception have been expelled spontaneously without any assistance. Monitor bleeding - moderate cramping, minimal bleeding, cervix closed, no tissue in cervical canal missed abortion/still birth May have no clinical symptoms. The cervix is closed, no tissue passed, and no fetal heart tones are present. May have retention of tissue. No cervical dilation and no cramping. Typically discovered at routine visits. Dangerous as it can lead to toxicity/infection. ◊ Fetus dies in utero. ◊ May have to induce labor or use DNC abortions complicated by infection frequently occurs in women who have tried to self-abort or abort illegally using a non- sterile instrument such as a knitting needle If a woman arrives with no prenatal care and has vaginal bleeding what intervention should follow? ultrasound is appropriate, vaginal exam is discouraged until diagnosis matching term to example: - client reports pain, bleeding, and fetal parts palpable in birth canal on exam - client has no cervical change and no FHR - contractions, cervix is dilated, membranes are palpable at the external OS - client has brown bleeding/discharge, no pain or cervical change, +FHR - client brings in passed fetal tissue, placenta, and clots A. Threatened B. Imminent/Inevitable C. Incomplete D. Complete E. Missed C. Incomplete E. Missed B. Imminent/Inevitable A. Threatened D. Complete normal volume of amniotic fluid 800-1200 mL polyhydramnios excess fluid of more than 2,000 mL Accumulation of excessive amounts of amniotic fluid suggests what? difficulty with the fetus's ability to swallow or absorb or excessive urine production Inability to swallow occurs in infants who are what? anencephalic, who have tracheoesophageal fistula with stenosis, or who have intestinal obstruction what patient population experiences excessive urine output in fetuses with polyhydramnios? diabetic patients (hyperglycemia in the fetus causes increased urine production) polyhydramnios can cause what? prolapsed umbilical cord if the rupture of membranes occur and the fetal head is not engaged - emergency, interventions must occur to prevent cord from being compressed to