Issa Strength & Conditioning, Strength and Conditioning EXAM ISSA

Issa Strength & Conditioning, Strength and Conditioning EXAM ISSA Neural Circuitry that travels outside the spinal cord - answerPeripheral nervous system A sensory receptor within a muscle that detects changes in length and helps regulate contraction - answerMuscle Spindle Branches of the cell body that act as receivers, collecting information from other neurons - answerDendrites Muscle contraction is triggered when the following chemical neurotransmitters binds to receptors on the muscle - answeracetylcholine Division of the peripheral nervous system controls voluntary movement - answersomatic nervous system Type of motor unit can contract for many hours - answerSlow of Motor Unit Type of motor unit has a large motor neuron & consists of a large bundle of type IIx muscle fibers - answerFast Fatiguable (FF) Voluntary movement starts in - answerCerebral Cortex The process that allows a muscle spindle to contract at the same rate as the muscle where it resides - answerAlpha-gamma Co-activation How many nerves are contained within the peripheral nervous system - answer43 Pairs The muscular system includes how many muscles - answerapproximately 650 Muscle fiber type that's the largest & produce the most amount of force - answerType IIx Cross-bridge cycle requires energy, which is provided by - answerATP hydrolysis The function of epimysium is too - answerProtect muscle from friction against other muscles or bone. Muscle fiber type has a very small amount of mitochondria - answerType IIx Make-up of a person's muscle fiber ratio - answerIt can't be changed to a large degree Training with heavy loads causes - answerEqual growth of type I and type II fibers Functions like girdles & guy wires to provide an interconnected structure - answerFascia Three possible mechanisms for inducing hypertrophy - answerMechanical tension, metabolic stress, muscle damage functional units that can make a muscle shorten - answerSarcomere Found within the appendicular skeleton - answerBones of the upper & lower extremities Movement between 2 adjacent vertebrae is made possible by - answerFacet Joints Wolff's Law - answerThe body responds by increasing or decreasing the bone's diameter Cartilage plays important rolls such as - answerBone development Mature bone cells that maintain a bone's matrix - answerOsteocytes Bone on bone contact that results in joint pain - answerosteoarthritis Elastin allows tissues too - answerregain their original shape after being stretched The main part or shaft of a long bone - answerDiaphysis Frontal plane is an imaginary plane that divides the body into - answerAnterior & posterior Angle that a joint rotates around its axis - answerThe direction of rotation The smallest blood vessel - answerCapillaries Create more muscular support when performing an intense exercise - answerBracing effect of a tight core Largest lymphatic organ in the human body - answerSpleen One of the main functions of the respiratory system - answerremoval of waste products of metabolism Normal amount of air displaced between inhalation & exhalation - answerTidal Volume Major glands of he endocrine system - answerHypothalamus The amount of blood pumped through the heart per minute - answerCardiac output Peripheral resistance - answerThe amount of resistance to blood flow in the arteries. Plasma makes up ____ percentage of blood volume - answer55% Right atrium receives deoxygenated blood from the body & moves it too - answerThe right Ventricle Law of conservation of energy states that energy - answercannot be created or destroyed In short term, metabolic acidosis can - answerimpair muscle power & energy production Process of making ATP from glucose - answerGlycolysis Cytoplasm & Sarcoplasm - answerSarcoplasm is where the action of the phosphates system & the reaction components take place The time it takes to fully replenish stored phosphocreatine after maximum effort exercise - answer15-25 minutes The formation of glucose from noncarbohydrate sources - answergluconeogenesis Lactate threshold corresponds with - answerRapid drop in physical output & performance Actions occur within the mitochondria during the first 10-30 seconds of maximal activity - answerMitochondria absorb protons (H+) Enzyme breaks down triglycerides into fatty acids during lipolysis - answerHormone- sensitive lipase Fuel type produces 106 ATP - answerFatty acids Mechanics are divided into two categories - answerdynamic and static. Class of lever is the fulcrum (axis) located between the effort and the load - answerFirst- class a state of no acceleration, with the body at rest - answerEquilibrium Point at which both body mass & weight are equally distributed - answercenter of gravity. Force is a product of - answermass times acceleration. shearing refers too - answercutting or breaking. The muscles responsible for protraction of the scapulothoracic (ST) joint - answerpectoralis major. Adduction - answerMovement toward the midline Primary wrist movements include - answerulnar deviation Ankle is formed by three bones; the tibia, the fibula, and - answerTalus When using skinfold calipers to assess body composition, how should the skin of the suprailiac region be pinched - answerAt a 45-degree angle it is better to think of posture as - answerideal or not ideal. when muscles surrounding a joint are abnormally weakened or overactive, thus limiting a joint's movement - answerMuscle imbalance When conducting the Rockport one-mile walk test, when should the participant's heart rate be measured - answerAt the end of the test only Why is the three-minute step test used less frequently than the Rockport one-mile walk test and the Cooper 12-minute run test - answerIt is less effective and has a lower percentage of participant completion the lunge assessment - answerThe coach will observe the lunge movement with little or no coaching. When conducting a standard squat assessment, the participant should be observed - answeranterior, posterior, and lateral positions. a gait assessment - answerA gait assessment requires a coach to observe the client while walking. the reduction in the normal curvature of the spine - answerFlat back A basic fitness assessment includes flexibility, posture, mobility, and - answergeneral strength assessments. The ability to exert muscular force under a given condition is known as - answerstrength Which type of strength refers to the ability to perform fast actions - answerdynamic strength which type of strength forms the foundation for all other types of strength - answerMaximal strength The Borg CR10 scale is used to measure - answeran athlete's rate of perceived exertion (RPE) Before performing any 1RM attempt, at least how many warm-up sets, with progressively heavier loads are recommended - answer3 With regard to the two-arm loaded carry exercise, the goal for elite athletes is to carry - answer200% of body weight for 30 seconds. The single-leg standing calf raise is clearly a test of - answerstrength-endurance Which of the following assessments is used to determine an athlete's reactive strength - answerDepth jump