Asbestos Test Updated 2023 with complete solution

Asbestos Test Updated 2023 with complete solution Acoustical Insulation The general application or use of asbestos for the control of sound due to its lack of reverberant surfaces Acoustical Tile A finishing material in a building usually found in the ceiling or walls for the purpose of noise control Actinolite One of the six naturally occurring asbestos minerals. It is not normally used commercially. addenda (n) Changes made to working drawings and specifications for a building before the work is bid AHERA Asbestos Hazard Emergency Response Act U.S. EPA (for schools) Algorithm A formal numerical procedure for assessing suspect material; results are given a numerical score Alveoli Located in clusters around the respiratory bronchioles of the lungs, this is the area in which true respiration takes place; the place where asbestosis attacks Amosite An asbestiform mineral of the amphibole group. It is the second most commonly used form of asbestos in the US. Also known as brown asbestos Amphibole One of the two major groups of minerals from which the asbestiform minerals are derived - distinguished by their chain-like crystal structure and chemical composition. Amosite and crocidolite are examples of amphibole minerals Anthophyllite One of six naturally occurring asbestos minerals. It is of limited commercial value. Asbestos bodies Coated asbestos fibers often seen in the lungs of asbestos-exposure victims Asbestos A generic name given to a number of naturally occurring hydrating mineral silicates that possess a unique crystalline structure, are incombustible in air, and are separable into fibers. Asbestos includes the asbestiform varieties of chrysotile (serpentine); crocidolite (riebeckite); amosite (cummington-grunerite); anthophyllite; tremolite, and actinolite Asbestos-Containing Building Material Surfacing ACM, thermal system insulation ACM, or miscellaneous ACM that is found in or on interior structural members or other parts of a school building (AHERA definition) Asbestos-Containing Material Any material or product which contains more than 1 percent asbestos (AHERA, OSHA definition) Asbestiosis A non-malignant, progressive, irreversible lung disease caused by the inhalation of asbestos dust and characterized by diffuse fibrosis ASHARA Asbestos School Hazard Abatement Reauthorization US EPA regulation enacted November 28, 1992 which extended accreditation requirements for inspectors, contractor/supervisors, designers, and workers to public and commercial buildings Breeching A duct which transports combustion gases from a boiler to a chimney or stack. Also called a flue Building Inspector A person who conducts a survey of a building for the presence of asbestos-containing materials. Must be accredited under AHERA and ASHARA regulations Bulk Sample Sample of bulk material; in the case of asbestos, suspect material Category I Nonfriable ACM Asbestos-containing packing, gaskets, resilient floor covering and asphalt roofing products containing more than 1% asbestos Category II Nonfriable ACM Any material excluding category I Nonfriable ACM, containing more than 1% asbestos that, when dry, cannot be crumbled, pulverized, or reduced to powder by hand pressure (example: asbestos/cement products) Cementitious ACM Asbestos-containing materials that are densely packed, granular and are generally nonfriable Chain-of custody Formal procedures for tracking samples and insuring their integrity Change Order A change to construction documents after a contract for construction has been assigned Chrysotile The only asbestiform mineral of the serpentine group. It is the most common known form of asbestos used in buildings. Also known as white asbestos Certified Industrial Hygienist (CIH) An industrial hygienist who has been granted certification by the American Board of Industrial Hygiene Cilia Tiny hair-like structures in the windpipe and bronchi of the lung passages which beat upward and that help force undesirable particles, fibers and liquids up and out of the lungs Claims-made insurance A form of insurance in which a claim is allowed only if the insurance is in effect when the claim is made, that is, when the injury or effect is observed Contract documents Legally binding building drawings and specifications. Also called construction documents Crocidolite The strongest of the asbestos minerals. An asbestiform mineral of the amphibole group. It is of minor commercial value in the US. Blue asbestos Damaged Friable Surfacing (Miscellaneous) Material Friable surfacing (misc.) ACM which has deteriorated or sustained physical injury such that the internal structure (cohesion) of the material is inadequate or which for any other reason lacks fiber cohesion or adhesion qualities. Such damage or deterioration may be illustrated by the separation of ACM into layers; separation of ACM from the substrate; flaking, blistering, or crumbling of ACM surface; water damage; significant or repeated water stains, scrapes, gauges, mars or other signs of physical injury on the ACM. Asbestos debris originating from the ACBM in question may also indicate damage (AHERA definition) Damaged or Significantly Damaged Thermal System Insulation Thermal system Insulation on pipes, boilers, tanks, ducts, and other thermal system Insulation equipment which has lost its structural integrity, or whose covering, in whole or in part, is crushed, water-stained, gouged, punctured, missing, or not intact such that it is not able to contain fibers. Damage may be further illustrated by occasional punctures, gouges, or other signs of physical injury to ACM; occasional water damage on the protective coverings/jackets; or exposed ACM end or joints. Asbestos debris, originating from the ACBM in question may also indicate damage (AHERA definition) Dose-Response Effect The relationship between the amount of pollutant a person is exposed to (dose) and the increase risk of disease (effect). Usually the greater the dose, the greater the effect Electrical Systems The system of wires, lights, power generation equipment, and related facilities to produce, convey, and utilize electrical power in a building. Encapsulation The use of an agent to seal the surface (bridging encapsulant) or penetrate the bulk (penetrating encapsulant) of ACM Epidemiology The study of causes, occurrence and distribution of disease throughout a population errors and omissions insurance A type of insurance which protects professionals for mistakes they may make in contracted plans and recommendations Excursion Limit A level of airborne fibers specified by OSHA as a short term excursion level. It is currently 1.0 fibers per cubic centimeter (f/cc) of air, 30 minute time-weighted average, as measured by phase contrast microscopy f/cc Fibers per cubic centimeters of air Fireproofing Spray- or trowel-applied fire resistant materials Friable Any materials that can be crumbled, pulverized, or reduced to powder by hand pressure when dry Functional Spaces