RNC-NIC Cardiac Practice Questions and Answers
Changes at delivery Pressure: Increased SVR, decreased PVR Oxygenation: Pulmonary arterioles dilate, alveoli expansion Shunts close Cardiac output calculation CO=HRxSV Mean arterial pressure calculation (2xDBP)+SBP/3 Stroke volume Contractility, preload, afterload Preload Measures pressure over volume in the ventricles prior to contraction Afterload Resistance of blood flow leaving the ventricle Causes of decreased preload Hypovolemia Vasodilation Hyperthermia Sepsis Causes of increased preload Vasoconstriction Hypervolemia Congenital heart defects Causes of decreased afterload Vasodilation Sepsis Hyperthermia Effects of nitrates Causes of increased afterload Vasoconstriction Hypothermia Aortic stenosis Hypertension Vasopressive agents
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