BIO 121 FINAL EXAM LATEST 2024 ACTUAL EXAM TEST BANK 300 QUESTIONS AND CORRECT DETAILED ANSWERS WITH RATIONALES (VERIFIED ANSWERS) |ALREADY GRADED A+

BIO 121 FINAL EXAM LATEST 2024 ACTUAL EXAM TEST BANK 300 QUESTIONS AND CORRECT DETAILED ANSWERS WITH RATIONALES (VERIFIED ANSWERS) |ALREADY GRADED A+ What are three functions of proteins? - ...ANSWER...Movement (work horses of life) Oxygen carrying Structure What are the main decomposers in an ecosystem? - ...ANSWER...Fungi & bacteria There is mercury in seafood. The seafood having the highest concentrations of mercury are where in the food chain? - ...ANSWER...At the top of the food chain What is one lesson from the pyramid of numbers? - ...ANSWER...Eating grain-fed beef is an inefficient means of obtaining the energy trapped by photosynthesis What is a population? - ...ANSWER...The members of one species that inhabit a particular area at a given time How does carbon in the air get into organic molecules? - ...ANSWER...Photosynthesis If the CO2 concentration of the atmosphere was 300 parts per million (ppm) in 1950 and will be 400 ppm in the year 2020, what percent increase will have taken place? And what is the formula to determine this? - ...ANSWER...Formula: difference/original x 100 100/300 x 100 = 33 What are two ways that carbon is released into the atmosphere? - ...ANSWER...1. Cellular respiration 2. Burning of wood & fossil fuels What is noteworthy or interesting about the nitrogen cycle? - ...ANSWER...The nitrogen cycle begins with living organisms and their organic states & decomposers break those organisms down once they are dead to turn the nitrogen in them to an inorganic state. Finally, plants take up that nitrogen & return it to an organic state Morphine can dock on a brain receptor normally serving as a dock for a natural brain chemical named endorphin. This best demonstrates what? - ...ANSWER...That shape determines how biological molecules recognize and respond to one another What is one calorie? - ...ANSWER...The amount of heat energy necessary to raise the temperature of 1 gram of liquid water by 1 degree Celsius Name a chemical functional group - ...ANSWER...Hydroxyl OH Amino NH3 What are the four major groups of large organic molecules? - ...ANSWER...Carbohydrates Lipids Proteins Nucleic Acids How many molecules of water are needed to completely breakdown a polymer that is 8 monomers long? - ...ANSWER...One molecule less than there are monomers. In this case, 7 molecules Name a disaccharide or name a monosaccharide - ...ANSWER...Disaccharide: lactose- milk sugar Name the storage polysaccharide of plants or the storage polysaccharide of animals - ...ANSWER...Plants: starch Animals: glycogen What is the main idea of using DNA or proteins as "tape measures" of evolution? - ...ANSWER...DNA and proteins are very long and coiled and if unwound could resemble a tape measure. Each amino acid would indicate similarities between organisms over time and creates a lineage of which organisms are closely related to. In which, humans and gorillas are only one amino acid different which tells us that we are not that distantly related in evolutionary time What kinds of bonds do animal lipids have? - ...ANSWER...Single bonds What kinds of bonds do plant lipids have? - ...ANSWER...Double bonds Are animal lipids predominantly saturated or unsaturated? - ...ANSWER...Predominantly saturated Are plant lipids predominantly saturated or unsaturated? - ...ANSWER...Predominantly unsaturated In the Devil's Garden experiment, explain what the results would have looked like if the D tree was the cause instead of the ants - ...ANSWER...If the D tree was the cause instead of the ants in this experiment, you would see the inside protected column raised, indicating more dead leaf tissue after one day If a genetic mutation changes primary structure, why might it destroy the protein's function? - ...ANSWER...Changing the primary structure would change the shape of a protein. The shape of a protein determines the function it will serve Which two categories of plants do you consume in one day or one meal if you are not eating meat and don't have soybeans or quinoa? - ...ANSWER...Grains and legumes What is the cause of the biodiversity crisis? - ...ANSWER...Humans that are not aware of their environmental footprint and cause extinction of other species and organisms What kinds of bonds are involved in maintaining the secondary structure of a protein? - ...ANSWER...Hydrogen bonds Name a carnivorous plant that is native to New England, does its trap snap shut? - ...ANSWER...Pitcher plant, no it does not snap shut Contrast the flow of nutrients on the one hand, and energy on the other, in ecosystems - ...ANSWER...Flow of energy: - sun gives energy to microorganisms & decomposers, primary producers, primary consumers, and secondary consumers - primary producers, primary consumers, & secondary consumers give off heat to the atmosphere as well as heat to detrivus Flow of nutrients: - primary producers give nutrients to primary consumers who give nutrients to secondary consumers who give nutrients to detrivus - primary producers, primary consumers, & secondary consumers all give nutrients to detrivus who gives nutrients to microorganisms - microorganisms give nutrients to primary producers In photosynthesis what two things are needed to start the cycle and what are two products? - ...ANSWER...H2O is needed to for the light reaction process and CO2 is needed for the calvin cycle within photosynthesis