UTA NURS 4223 - Leadership & Management Study Guide With Complete Solution

Leadership - ANSWER The process of influencing people to accomplish goals What influences people - ANSWER character and integrity Framework for most leadership research prior to mid-1940s - ANSWER Great Man & Trait Theories: "Some people are born to lead" and a certain set of personality traits of great leaders could be described Great Man & Trait Theories - ANSWER "Some people are born to lead" and a certain set of personality traits of great leaders could be described Behavioral Theories - ANSWER Autocratic or Authoritarian; Democratic, Participative or Shared; Laissez-Faire, Permissive or Free Rein Autocratic or Authoritarian Leader - ANSWER Task-oriented, control over group, downward communication, decisions made by leader, emphasis on status, punitive Democratic Leader - ANSWER less emphasis on control, motivate by ego and economic rewards, direction by suggestions, foster 2-way communication, group decision-making, emphasis on "we" Laissez-Faire Leader - ANSWER permissive, little control, little or no direction, emphasis on people, free communication, dispersed decision-making, no criticism Transformational Leadership - ANSWER ability to look at what the group has in common; identifies common values, is committed, has long-term vision, inspires others with vision, and empowers others Law of situation - ANSWER developed by Mary Follet; Leadership style should vary based on situation/individuals involved. Situation should determine directives givenafter problem known by everyone. Leadership process (defined by Hersey) - ANSWER a function of the leader, the followers, and situational variables. Management (defined by Marquis-Huston) - ANSWER the process of leading and directing all or part of an organization through the deployment and manipulation of resources Scientific Management theory - ANSWER developed by Taylor; uses the scientific method to organize work—one best way to complete tasks; emphasis on productivity; workers viewed as "economic animals" and did not consider "human element" Classical management theory (Bureaucracy) - ANSWER developed by Weber; formal authority, chain of command, consistent rules and regulations, "structure"; presumed efficiency was achieved through rules/regs Hawthorn Effect - ANSWER identified by Mayo in study on workplace physical and environmental influences on workers' productivity and motivation; demonstrated that workers are more productive when they know they are being observed The Management Process - ANSWER developed by Fayol; Planning Organizing Staffing Directing Controlling Planning stage of management