C787 Exam Fully Solved Grade A+

Needed in large quantities Include carbohydrates, lipids, and proteins - Macronutrients Components of structural polysaccharides inside cells and on their surfaces - Carbohydrates Lipids - Important in cellular membrane structure and function as a precursor to some hormones Protein - A source of amino acids needed for the synthesis of body proteins, nucleic acids, and other hormones Micronutrients - Vitamins and minerals that organisms require in very small amounts Vitamins - Organic compounds that act most commonly as coenzymes; substances that help protein do their jobs in the body Dietary minerals - Chemical elements required for good nutrition Signs and symptoms of obesity - Excessive weight Sedentary lifestyle Energy imbalance Multifactoral diseases Marasmus - A general type of starvation due to a deficiency of macronutrients. AKA protein-caloric malnutrition Kwashiorkor - A general type of starvation primarily attributed to a deficiency of dietary protein Anorexia nervosa - Eating disorder with complex and variable etiologies that can lead to reduced macronutrient intake, starvation, and even death Bulimia nervosa - Binge eating followed by purging, vomiting, or misuse of laxatives or diuretics. Can lead to reduced macronutrient intake, starvation, and death Pellagra - Caused by low levels of Niacin (B3) Causes dementia, diarrhea, and dermatitis Can be fatal Vitamin A deficiency - Causes blindness Vitamin C deficiency - Scurvy Vitamin D deficiency - Rickets Iron deficiency - Anemia Iodine Deficiency - results in goiter/thyroid problems