ADVANCED EXAMS FOR MEDICAL SURGICAL NURSING CHAPTERS 1-4

ADVANCED EXAMS FOR MEDICAL SURGICAL NURSING CHAPTERS 1-4 What is WHO - CORRECT ANSWER-Word Health Organization Define health - CORRECT ANSWER-A state of complete physical, mental and social well being and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity What is Etiology - CORRECT ANSWER-The cause of a disease What is holism - CORRECT ANSWER-Viewing a persons health as a balance of body, mind and spirit Define wellness - CORRECT ANSWER-A state of being. It is a constant and intentional effort to stay healthy and achieve the highest potential for total well-being What refers to a state of being sick - CORRECT ANSWER-Illness What is disease - CORRECT ANSWER-A pathologic condition of the body that presents with clinical signs and symptoms and changes in laboratory values A client with chronic illness always reports feeling great. What does this say about the client - CORRECT ANSWER-They are able to engage in meaningful activities Types of illness - CORRECT ANSWER-Catastrophic (sudden) Acute (quick) Chronic (Long-term) Terminal (Cancer, death) What considers levels of health - CORRECT ANSWER-The health-illness continuum What are the levels of the health-illness continuum - CORRECT ANSWER-High level wellness Good health Normal health Illness Critical Illness Death What is protecting ones current level of health by preventing illness or deterioration - CORRECT ANSWER-Health maintenance Can people still have high level of wellness with disease process - CORRECT ANSWER-yes Strategies to enhance health, like exercise - CORRECT ANSWER-Health promotion Identifying risk factors such as family history of hypertension and reducing effects of risk factors on one's health - CORRECT ANSWER-Illness prevention What uses screening diagnostic tests and procedures to identify a disease process earlier - CORRECT ANSWER-Early detection What is a client - CORRECT ANSWER-An active partner in nursing care Define incidence - CORRECT ANSWER-Frequency of a particular disease What is the number of sick persons with a particular disease - CORRECT ANSWERMorbidity What is mortality - CORRECT ANSWER-Death rate or ratio Study of how disease alters normal physiologic processes - CORRECT ANSWERPathophysiology What is prevalence - CORRECT ANSWER-The number of causes of a disease Prevention of the development of disease in a susceptible or potentially susceptible population - CORRECT ANSWER-Primary prevention Early diagnosis in treatment to shorten duration and severity of an illness - CORRECT ANSWER-Secondary prevention What is Sign - CORRECT ANSWER-Objective manifestation of a disease; can be seen, heard, measured or felt Define symptom - CORRECT ANSWER-Subjective manifestation of a disease of illness; what the client relates in happening Tertiary prevention is - CORRECT ANSWER-Healthcare to limit the degree of disability or promote rehabilitation in chronic, irreversible diseases Consists of specially trained personnel who work together to help clients meet their healthcare needs - CORRECT ANSWER-Healthcare team What is healthcare delivery system - CORRECT ANSWER-Full range of services available to people seeking prevention, identification, treatment or rehabilitation of health problems The first resource person or agency that clients contact about a health need - CORRECT ANSWER-Primary Care Referrals to facilities for additional testing such as cardiac catheterization - CORRECT ANSWER-Secondary care More complex medical and surgical interventions, cancer care, rehab services etc - CORRECT ANSWER-Tertiary care What are DRGs - CORRECT ANSWER-Diagnostic related groups; groups services for clients with similar diagnosis Federally funded, state program that promotes medical assistance - CORRECT ANSWER-Medicaid Federally funded program financed through employee payroll taxes - CORRECT ANSWER-Medicare A constant and intentional effort to stay healthy and achieve the highest potential for total well being - CORRECT ANSWER-Wellness What is home hospice care - CORRECT ANSWER-Resources for terminally ill clients and their families What is skilled nursing care - CORRECT ANSWER-Occurs in facilities or units that offer prolonged health maintenance or rehabilitative services Care mapping for specific diagnoses or procedures - CORRECT ANSWER-Clinical pathway Operates on the principle that competition can control costs - CORRECT ANSWERPreferred provider organization (PPO) Involves a network of providers - CORRECT ANSWER-Point of service (POS) Evolved as a result of financial concerns of hospitals and physician practices - CORRECT ANSWER-Physician hospital organizations (PHO)