Milady Cosmetology Chapter 21 Review Questions

Milady Cosmetology Chapter 21 Review Questions Why do people color their hair? - ANS cover up or blend gray; enhance an existing haircolor; fashions statement; self expression; correct unwanted tones; accentuate haircut How does the hair's porosity affect haircolor? - ANS Porous hair accecpts color faster. Application on porous hair can result in cooler tone than applications on less porous hair. low-longer process time; average-avg process time; high-quick, but can also fade quickly. How many types of melanin are found in hair? Describe each. - ANS Eumelanin-black and brown Pheomelanin-blonde and red Mixed melanin-contains both eumelanin & pheomelanin What are levels? What does the level system help you to determine when formulating haircolor? - ANS The level system helps hair colorists to determine the lightness or darkness of a hair color. Scale of 1-10. The scale is used to identify the degrees of lightness to darkness (depth) in each level. Name the primary, secondary, and tertiary colors. - ANS Primary: Blue, Red, Yellow Secondary: Violet, Orange, Green Tertiary: Blue-Violet; Red-Violet; Blue-Green; Yellow-Green; Yellow-Orange; Red-Orange What is the role of tone and intensity in haircolor? - ANS Tone or hue is the balance of color. Tells us what color to use to achieve the client's desired results (warm, cool, neutral) Intensity is the strength of a color (soft, med, strong) Color intensifiers can be added to a formula to intensify the result. What are the categories of haircolor? Describe each. 1 & 2 - ANS Temporary Color: lg pigment molecules only coat the hair; physical change only; easily washed out; creates fun bold results Semipermanent: no lift, deposit only; lasts through several shampoos; partially penetrate hair shaft and stain the cuticle layer; subtle color results; tones prelightened hair What are the categories of haircolor? Describe each. 3 & 4 - ANS Demipermanent: no lift, deposit-only color. Deposit but not lighten color. Blends gray, enhance natural color, tones pre-lit hair, refreshes faded color, filler in color correction Permanent: lighten and deposit color at the same time-single process-more alkaline with higher vol developer. Change existing haircolor; covers gray; creates bright or natural-looking haircolor changes. How does hydrogen peroxide developer work in a haircolor formula? - ANS Is an oxidizing agent that , when mixed with an oxidation haircolor, supplies the necessary oxygen gas to develop the color molecules and create a change in natural hair color. pH between 2.5-4.5. Volume measure the concentration and strength of H2O2. Low vol less lift, high vol greater lifting action. 10, 20, 30, 40 What are the four key questions to ask when formulating a haircolor? - ANS 1. What is the natural level and does it include gray hair? 2. What is the client's desired level and tone? 3. Are contributing pigments (undertones) to be revealed? 4. What colors should be mixed to get the desired result? Why is a patch test useful in haircoloring? - ANS To determine if the client has any allergies or sensitivities to the chemicals to be used. What is a preliminary strand test and why is it used? - ANS This determines how the hair will react to the color formula and ow long the formula should be left on the hair. Explain the action of hair lighteners. - ANS Lighteners are chemical compounds that lighten hair by dispersing, dissolving, and decolorizing the natural hair pigment. H2O2 mixed with lightener formula begins to release oxygen within the cortex (oxidation) Lighteners diffuse hair pigment. What is the procedure for a virgin single-process color service? - ANS Drape; gloves; dry hair; 4 sections; prepare color formula; apply when most resistant first; 1/4" sections; 1/2" from roots thru midshaft leaving 1" at the ends; Process as you did with the strand test; apply color at the scalp, and work through the ends; massage color into a lather and rinse warm water; remove stains; shampoo & condition as needed. What are the 2 processes involved in a double-process haircolor? - ANS 1. Hair lightening-bleaching or decolorizing 2. Deposit desired tone Name and describe the various forms of hair lightener - ANS Oil, Cream, & Powder Lighteners: Cream & Oil: can be used on the scalp; Oil is the mildest type-2 levels Cream-strong enough for high-lift blonding; use on scalp Powder: quick; off scalp; dry out quickly What is the purpose of toner? When is it used? - ANS Traditional semi, demi & permanent haircolor products used on prelightened hair to achieve pale and delicate colors. Used after dimensional haircolor services