fundamentals of nursing LPN Exam Practice Solution Question Fully Solved.

GENERAL OBSERVATION - correct answer A BRIEF OVERVIEW OF CLIENT DURING EXAMINATION, NOTHING DETAILED INSPECTION - correct answer A method of physical examination by which the patient is visually systematically examine for appearance, structure, function, and behavior AUSCULTATION - correct answer listening to sounds within the body (usually with a stethoscope) PALPATION - correct answer An examination technique in which the examiner's hands are used to feel the texture, size, consistency, and location of certain body parts. PERCUSSION - correct answer A diagnostic technique that uses tapping on the body to differentiate air, solids, and fluids ACUTE DISEASE - correct answer Disease having a rapid onset, severe symptoms, and a short course or duration CHRONIC DISEASE - correct answer a disease that develops gradually and continues over a long period of time ACUITY - correct answer Sharp vision or perception characterized by the ability to resolve fine detail LEVEL OF CONSCIOUSNESS - correct answer LOC, STATE OF AWARENESS OF SELF AND ENVIRONMENT ALERT - correct answer Awake or readily aroused, oriented, fully aware of external and internal stimuli and responds appropriately, conducts meaningful interpersonal interactions LETHARGIC - correct answer acting in an indifferent or slow, sluggish manner OBTUNDED - correct answer Sleeps most of the time, difficult to arouse, needs loud shout or vigorous shake, acts confused when aroused, speech mumbled and incoherent STUPOROUS - correct answer is in a sleeplike state and can be aroused only w/ painful stimulus SEMICOMATOSE - correct answer partially in a coma COMATOSE - correct answer in a state of deep and usually prolonged unconsciousness GLASGOW COMA SCALE - correct answer Neurological screening test that measures a client's best verbal, motor & eye response to stimuli FATIGUE - correct answer Extreme tiredness, typically resulting from mental or physical exertion or illness ANOREXIA - correct answer An eating disorder characterized by an obstinate and willful refusal to eat, a distorted body image, and an intense fear of being fat MALAISE - correct answer A vague feeling of bodily discomfort, as at the beginning of an illness EMACIATION - correct answer Excessive leanness caused by disease or lack of nutrition PERRLA - correct answer PUPILS EQUAL, ROUND, REACTIVE TO LIGHT AND ACCOMMODATION ACCOMMODATION - correct answer Ability to adjust the focus of vision at a range of distances DIPLOPIA - correct answer DOUBLE VISION STRABISMUS - correct answer (squint, crossed eye) disparity of the eye axes DYSPNEA - correct answer Difficult or labored breathing; shortness of breath APNEA - correct answer Absence of breathing TACHYCARDIA - correct answer Abnormally rapid heartbeat greater than 100 beats/minute. BRADYCARDIA - correct answer A pulse rate less than 60 beats per minute (bpm) in an adult ( slow heart rate) ADVENTITIOUS BREATH SOUNDS - correct answer Abnormal sound, including sibilant wheezes (formally wheezes), sonorous wheezes (formally ronchi), fine and course crackles (formally rales), pleural friction rubs and stridor CRACKLES - correct answer (rales) abnormal, discontinuous, adventitious lung sounds heard on inspiration RHONCHI - correct answer ABNORMAL SOUNDS HEARD WHEN THE AIRWAY IS OBSTRUCTED, A WHEEZE WHEEZING - correct answer Breath sounds that are whistling, high-pitched bronchus STRIDOR - correct answer A high pitched sound generated from partially obstructed air flow in the upper airway. JAUNDICE - correct answer yellowing of the skin and the whites of the eyes caused by an accumulation of bile pigment (bilirubin) in the blood PALE - correct answer 560 PALLOR - correct answer Paleness to the skin ERYTHEMA - correct answer Abnormal redness of the skin resulting from dilation of blood vessels (as in sunburn or inflammation) CYANOSIS - correct answer A blue or gray color resulting from lack of oxygen in the body. TURGOR - correct answer SKIN RESILIENCY S1S2 - correct answer two normal heart sounds often described as a lub and a dub (or dup), that occur in sequence with each heart beat MURMUR - correct answer Abnormal heart sound EDEMA - correct answer Abnormal accumulation of fluid in interstitial spaces of tissues. CAPILLARY REFILL - correct answer Pressing nail beds. Should restore within 2 seconds INFLAMMATION - correct answer An irritation of a tissue caused by infection or injury. Inflammation is characterized by four cardinal symptoms; redness (rubor), swelling (tumor), heat (calor), and pain (dolor). PURULENT - correct answer Containing pus SANGUINEOUS - correct answer BLOODY DRAINAGE SEROSANGUINEOUS - correct answer Consisting of serum and blood INFECTION - correct answer Contamination or invasion of body tissue by pathogenic organisms HOMAN SIGN - correct answer Early sign of thrombophlebitis of the deep veins of the calf in which there are complaints of pain when the leg is in extension and the foot is dorsiflexed. MACULE - correct answer A circumscribed, flat, nonpalpable change in skin color PAPULE - correct answer A papule is a small solid elevation of the skin less than 0.5cm in diameter. NODULE - correct answer A small lump VESICLE - correct answer A membrane bound sac that contains materials involved in transport of the cell. PUSTULE - correct answer A small inflamed elevation of skin containing pus. WHEAL - correct answer A circumscribed elevation of the skin caused by escape of serum into the dermis. The larger the amount of edema, teh paler the wheal on a red to pale color continuum