Family Medicine EOR: ENOT/Ophthalmology (Smarty PANCE) Exam Questions and Answers 100% Pass | Latest Version

Family Medicine EOR: ENOT/Ophthalmology (Smarty PANCE) Exam Questions and Answers 100% Pass | Latest Version Acute vs. chronic sinusitis? ● Acute sinusitis: symptoms for 4 weeks duration ● Chronic sinusitis: symptoms for 12 consecutive weeks ● The disease is subacute when symptomatic for 4-12 weeks Sign and symptoms of acute sinusitis? - Headache - Purulent sputum - Fever - Malaise - Tenderness to palpation over sinus(es) - Opacification w/ transillumination MC fungal cause of chronic sinusitis? Aspergillus MC bacterial cause of chronic sinusitis? Staph aureus Diagnostic test of choice for sinusitis? Limited coronal CT scan can be useful in recurrent infection or failure to respond to medical therapy. Plainview X-ray (waters view) has fallen out of favor due to poor sensitivity When to give antibiotics for acute sinusitis? 10 -14 days or severely ill. Antibiotics can shorten time to cure but only in 5 to 11 people per 100 and most improve without antimicrobial therapy. First line antibiotics for acute sinusitis? The first-line antibiotic is amoxicillin/clavulanate, with doxycycline or respiratory fluoroquinolones as alternatives. Treat for 5 to 7 days in adults if uncomplicated bacterial rhinosinusitis (IDSA low-moderate-quality evidence). Treat for 10 to 14 days in children if uncomplicated bacterial rhinosinusitis (IDSA low-moderate- quality evidence). Second-line therapy for acute sinusitis (for those who fail to improve within 7 days)? Second-line therapy (for those who fail to improve within 7 days) includes high-dose Augmentin (2 g BID x 7 days), Moxifloxacin, Levofloxacin, or a third-generation cephalosporin plus clindamycin. Treatment of chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS)? Chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) lasts 12 weeks or longer, despite attempts at medical management. Therapy is typically given for at least three weeks and may be extended for up to ten weeks in refractory cases. Augmentin or clindamycin are reasonable treatment options Viral rhinitis PE signs? Erythematous turbinate's Allergic rhinitis PE signs? Patients with allergic rhinitis will present with boggy turbinates, allergic shiners (edematous, dark circles under eyes), and allergic salute What is an allergic salute? The transverse line on the nose which is a feature of chronic allergies - formed when a child chronically pushes the nose up and back to relieve itching and free swollen turbinates Diagnosis of allergic rhinitis? Allergic rhinitis can almost always be diagnosed based on history alone. Diagnostic testing is not routinely needed unless patients do not improve when treated empirically; for such patients, skin tests or an allergen-specific serum IgE test is done. Diagnosis of nonallergic rhinitis? Nonallergic perennial rhinitis is usually also diagnosed based on history. Lack of clinical response to treatment for assumed allergic rhinitis and negative results on skin tests and/or an allergen-specific serum IgE test also suggests a nonallergic cause Treatments for allergic rhinitis? Treatment for allergic rhinitis includes the avoidance of any known allergens and use of antihistamines, cromolyn sodium, nasal or systemic corticosteroids, nasal saline drops or washes, and immunotherapy Most effective therapy for allergic rhinitis? Intranasal corticosteroids Painful oral lesions that appear as localized, shallow, round to oval ulcers with a yellowish adherent central exudate Aphthous ulcerations Aphthous ulcers are associated with which virus? HHV6 Aphthous ulcers are most often triggered by what? Aphthous ulcers are most often triggered by trauma inside the mouth Another name for aphthous ulcers? Canker sores Diagnosis of aphthous ulcers? Diagnosis is made by history and clinical presentation. Biopsy should be considered for ulcers lasting more than 3 weeks An inflammatory, multisystem disorder with vascular, articular, gastrointestinal, neurologic, urogenital, pulmonary, and cardiac involvement. Oral ulcers are the most common feature of this syndrome Behçet syndrome (or Behçet disease) A history of recurrent, self-limited ulcers of the oral mucosa that demonstrate the characteristic appearance of discrete, round to oval ulcers with an erythematous rim and yellowish exudate Recurrent aphthous stomatitis (RAS)