LATEST Physics 1603 Exam Chapter 5-7 exam Review questions and answers 2024

You and your friend, who weighs the same as you, want to go to the top of the Eiffel Tower. Your friend takes the elevator straight up. You decide to walk up the spiral stairway, taking longer to do so. Compare the gravitational potential energy of you and your friend, after you both reach the top. - ANSWER Both of you have the same amount of gravitational potential energy at the top. A stone can slide down one of four different frictionless ramps, as shown in the figure. For which ramp will the speed of the ball be the greatest at the bottom? - ANSWER The speed of the ball will be the same for all ramps. The area under the curve, on a Force-position (F-x) graph, represents - ANSWER work Two objects, one of mass m and the other of mass 2m, are dropped from the top of a building. If there is no air resistance, when they hit the ground - ANSWER the heavier one will have twice the kinetic energy of the lighter one. If both the mass and the velocity of a ball are tripled, the kinetic energy is increased by a factor of - ANSWER 27 A spring is characterized by a spring constant of 60. N/m. How much potential energy does it store when stretched by 1.0 cm? - ANSWER 0.003 J work - ANSWER the product of the magnitude of the displacement times the component of the force parallel to the displacement (W=Fd, Fdcostheta) kinetic energy - ANSWER energy of motion potential energy - ANSWER energy of position; associated with forces that depend on the position/configuration of an object(s) relative to the surroundings gravitational potential energy - ANSWER the product of the object's weight (mg) and its height (y) above some reference level; potential energy equal to work done by lifting an object conservative forces - ANSWER forces for which the work done does not depend on the path taken but only on the initial and final positions non-conservative forces - ANSWER forces for which the work done depends on the path elastic potential energy - ANSWER potential energy stored as a result of the deformation of an elastic object (stretching of a spring); PEsubel=1/2kx^2 total mechanical energy - ANSWER E=the sum of the kinetic (KE) and potential (PE) energies at any moment horsepower - ANSWER 1 hp=550 ft*lb/s=746 W power - ANSWER the rate at which work is done; time rate of change when doing work watt - ANSWER SI unit for power; 1 W=1 J/s (joules per second) efficiency - ANSWER ratio of the useful power output of the engine (Psubout) to the power input (Psubin); amount of useful work by a system compared with the energy input joule - ANSWER SI unit for work; 1 J=1 N*m (newton-meters) A 10. kg mass, hung onto a spring, causes the spring to stretch 2.0 cm. The spring constant is - ANSWER 49 N/cm What distinguishes work done by conservative versus non-conservative forces? - ANSWER Non-conservative depend on the path taken Conservative is only concerned with initial and final positions A driver, traveling at 22. m/s, slows down her 1500. kg car to stop for a red light. What work is done by the friction force against the wheels? - ANSWER 3.6 E5 J In the SI system of measurements, the base unit for length is - ANSWER meter If a person weighs 170 lb, what is their mass in micrograms? - ANSWER 7.71 E10 If the dimensions of a square are 1.23 ft x 14.6 in, find the area in cm^2. 1 in=2.54 cm - ANSWER 1.39 E3 cm^2 A car is traveling at 4.53 m/s, calculate its speed in km/h. - ANSWER 16.3 km/h Speed is to velocity as distance is to - ANSWER displacement What is the mass of a woman who weighs 1.1 E2 lbs? - ANSWER 50 kg How many m^2 is equal to 1.0 cm^2? - ANSWER 10 E-4 When a ball is thrown straight up, which of the following is zero at its highest point? - ANSWER velocity A 500-m tall tower casts a 700-m long shadow over level ground. At what angle theta is the sun elevated above the horizon? - ANSWER 35.5 degrees 60 mi/h is approximately - ANSWER 30. km/h If Andrew runs a complete loop around an outdoor track (400 m) in 100 s, his average velocity is - ANSWER zero Suppose that an object travels from one point in space to another. Make a comparison between the displacement and the distance traveled. - ANSWER The displacement is either less than or equal to the distance traveled. An object is thrown upwards with a speed of 14 m/s. How high above the projection point is it after 0.50 s? - ANSWER 5.8 m Objects in free fall are solely under the influence of - ANSWER gravity Two chains of length 1.0 m are used to support a lamp, as shown in Figure 1.21. The distance between the two chains is 1.0 m along the ceiling. What is the vertical distance from the lamp to the ceiling? - ANSWER 0.87 m A bullet moving at 244. m/s strikes a tree and penetrates a distance of 8.34 mm before stopping. What was the average acceleration of the bullet as it slowed? - ANSWER 3.57 E6 m/s^2 Nathan drops a ball from the top of a tall building and it takes 2.8 s to reach the ground. What was the speed just before hitting the ground? What is the height of the building? - ANSWER v=-27. m/s; ysub0=38. m Is it possible for the magnitude of a distance to be greater than the displacement. - ANSWER True Speed indicates how fast something is moving and in which direction it is moving. - ANSWER False - velocity Free fall is the motion of an object subject only to the influence of gravity. - ANSWER True A vector quantity is described by both a magnitude and a direction. - ANSWER True Refer to Figure 2-10. If you start from the Bakery, travel to the Art Gallery, and then to the Cafe, in 1.0 hour, what is the average speed? - ANSWER 2.5 m/s Refer to Figure 2-10. If you start from the Bakery, travel to the Cafe, and then to the Art Gallery, what is the distance you have traveled? - ANSWER 10.5 km