LETRS Unit 1(Complete solutions)

Why did the National Institute of Health and Human Development classify reading difficulties as a major health concern? correct answers The inability to read well is associated with social ills such as dropping out of school, delinquency, inadequate health care, unwanted pregnancy, and chronic underemployment. They cannot read prescription bottles, but can still open them, cant read road signs, and cant read the instruction on anything. Discuss the types of writing systems in the world. (Pictogram, logograph, syllabic symbols, and alphabetic symbols). How do they differ? How are they the same? correct answers Pictograms-directly represent meaning, hieroglyphics. Logographs-abstractly represent meaning, not sound, Chinese radicals. Syllabic symbols-directly represent whole syllables, Cherokee. Alphabetic symbols-represent consonants and vowels, or individual phonemes, Greek or Russian. What is morphophonemic language? Why is it more difficult to learn it? correct answers Morphology is the study of meaningful units in a language and how the units are combined in word formation. Nat- is a root. Nature is a noun; natural is an adjective; naturalist is a noun; naturally is an adverb. This also means that it is a "deep" alphabetic writing system organized by both letter-sound correspondences and morphology. How do oral language and written language differ? correct answers Speaking is natural, reading and writing are not. Spoken language is "hard-wired" inside the human brain. Oral language is the foundational skill for later reading and writing. Discuss the terms phoneme, morpheme, and grapheme giving examples of each..? correct answers Phoneme-units of sound in a specified language that distinguish one word from another (p,b,d, and t in English words pad, pat, bad, and bat.) Morpheme-unit of language that cannot be further divided (in, come, -ing, forming incoming.) Grapheme-a unit (as a letter or digraph) of a writing system.