A Level Geography Edexcel Globalisation Unit 3 Test Questions With Complete Solution 2024

what are the economic measures of development? Answer - income per capita/GDP (widely used but isn't easy to measure as earnings of informal businesses need to be accounted for) - economic sector balance (estimate so isn't accurate) (cost of living varies significantly between countries but PPP takes into account the differing costs of living) what are the social measures of development? Answer - human development index (considers a range of factors but difficult to access certain info) - gender inequality index (considers reproductive health, empowerment and labour force participation but is subjective as views on gender differ globally) what are the environmental measures of development? Answer - air pollution indices (based on air quality outdoors and indoors and allows for a comparison over time. difficult to measure/quantify) what are the trends in widening income inequality? Answer - average incomes have increased since the 1950s - increase in wealth of Europe and N.America has resulted in a widening development gap as the poorest parts of Africa have seen little or slow growth - since 1970, income per capita in Asia has risen significantly due to modernisation (2010: US$7000) - 2016 report from Oxfam stated that the wealth of the world's richest 1% is equivalent to the wealth of the other 99% what is the Gini coefficient and the Lorenz curve? Answer - the Gini coefficient is a measure of inequality in which 0 corresponds to perfect equality, and 1 is a society in which a single individual owns all wealth. - the Lorenz curve is a measure of equality (the more curved the line is, the more unequal society is)