Paramedic Management and Resuscitation of the Critical Patient Exam Questions with Complete Solutions

anchoring bias - Answer-Occurs when an initial reference point distorts your estimates. angioedema - Answer-Recurrent large areas of subcutaneous edema of sudden onset, usually disappearing within 24 hours, which is seen mainly in young women, frequently as a result of allergy to food or drugs. baroreceptors - Answer-Receptors in the blood vessels, kidneys, brain, and heart that respond to changes in pressure in the heart or main arteries to help maintain homeostasis. capacitance vessels - Answer-The smallest venules. cardiac output (CO) The volume of blood pumped through the circulatory system in 1 minute. cardiogenic shock - Answer-A condition caused by loss of 40% or more of the functioning myocardium; the heart is no longer able to cir- culate sufficient blood to maintain adequate oxygen delivery. cardiovascular collapse - Answer-Failure of the heart and blood vessels; shock. central shock - Answer-A condition that consists of cardiogenic shock and obstructive shock (Weil-Shubin classification). chemoreceptors - Answer-Sense organs that monitor the levels of oxygen and carbon dioxide and the pH of cerebrospinal fluid and blood and provide feedback to the respiratory centers to mod- ify the rate and depth of breathing based on the body's needs at any given time. chronotropic effect - Answer-The rate of contraction of the heart. compensated shock - Answer-The early stage of shock, in which the body can still compensate for blood loss. The systolic blood pressure and brain perfusion are maintained. confirmation bias - Answer-Occurs with the tendency to gather and rely on information that confirms your existing views and to avoid or downplay information that does not conform to your preexisit- ing hypothesis or field differential.