Understanding Anatomy & Physiology 2nd Edition Ch. 1

Understanding Anatomy & Physiology 2nd Edition Ch. 1 Anatomy - ANS Structure of the body Physiology - ANS How the body functions Pathophysiology - ANS The study of the processes that disturb normal function is called pathophysiology. - Patho means suffering or disease Alveoli - ANS - the smallest of these bronchi end in tiny sacs - oxygen is absorbed into the bloodstream through the alveoli situs inversus - ANS inherited condition—the organs are reversed. Organization of the Body - ANS Atoms-Molecules-Organelles-Cells-Tissue -Organ-Organ Systems-Human Organism (At Moments Of Complete Tension, Order Organic Hummas) Atoms - ANS link together to form molecules Molecules - ANS organized into various structures, including organelles Organelles - ANS the metabolic units within a cell that perform a specific function necessary to the life of the cell. i.e. mitochondria—the power houses that furnish the cell's energy—and the cell's nucleus. Organelles are contained within cells Cells - ANS the smallest living units that make up the body's structure. Cells group together to form tissue Tissues - ANS specialized groups of cells with similar structure and function.Tissues come together to form organs Organs - ANS Structures of two or more tissue types working together to carry out a particular function. Examples include the heart, stomach, and kidney. Organs then form organ systems Organ Systems - ANS groups of organs that all contribute to a particular function. All of the organ systems together form a human organism Human Organism - ANS one complete individual Four Types of Tissue - ANS 1) Epithelial tissue 2) Connective tissue 3) Muscle 4) Nerve tissue Epithelial Tissue - ANS covers or lines body surfaces; examples include the outer layer of the skin, the walls of capillaries, and kidney tubules. Connective Tissue - ANS connects and supports parts of the body; some transport and store materials; examples include bone, cartilage, and adipose tissues. Muscle - ANS contracts to produce movement; examples include skeletal muscles and the heart. Nerve Tissue - ANS generates and transmits impulses to regulate body function;examples include the brain and nerves. 11 Organ Systems - ANS Integumentary -Skeletal -Muscular -Lymphatic -Respiratory -Urinary -Nervous -Endocrine -Circulatory -Digestive- Male reproductive -Female reproductive MURDERS LINC Integumentary system - ANS Consists of skin, hair, and nails Key functions: •Protection •Temperature regulation •Water retention •Sensation Skeletal system - ANS Consists of bones, cartilage, and ligaments Key functions: •Protection of body organs •Support •Movement •Blood formation Muscular system - ANS Consists primarily of skeletal muscles Key functions: •Movement •Posture •Heat production