Psyc 230 Uiuc Exam 1 Questions And Answers

PSYC 230 UIUC EXAM 1 QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS Perception - Answer-the process of organizing and interpreting sensory information, enabling us to recognize meaningful objects and events Are there really 5 senses? - Answer-No, there are from 7-12 different senses neural transduction - Answer-receptors, transduction and neural response Sensation - Answer-activation of sensory receptors due to a stimulus in the environment (physical stimulus----neural signal) Phenomenology - Answer-internal experience that everyone has of the external world around them Aristotle and the Five senses - Answer-Aristotle said there were five senses - smell, sight, touch, taste, and hearing - but science suggests there are many more than that Thomas Young - Answer-showed that light, like waves, could be diffracted, color recptors Johannes Mueller - Answer-doctrine of specific nerve energies (distinct senses) Von Helmholtz - Answer-perception is constructed from both senses and cognitive processes, unconscious inference, three basic color receptors Hering - Answer-colors are perceived through 2 pairs of opposing colors (four primary colors, not three) Weber's Law - Answer-the just noticeable difference between two stimuli is based on a proportion of the original stimulus rather than on a fixed amount of difference Fechner - Answer-father of psychophysics, the study of the relation between physical stimuli and the perception they elicit Fechner's Law - Answer-sensation is a logarithmic function of physical intensity Gestalt Psychology - Answer-the whole is greater than the sum of its parts Law of Proximity (Gestalt) - Answer-elements close to one another tend to be perceived as a unit Law of Common Fate (Gestalt) - Answer-visual elements that move in the same speed and/or direction are parts of a single stimulus law of closure (gestalt) - Answer-we tend to see complete figures even when part of the information is missing Law of Similarity (Gestalt) - Answer-objects that are similar tend to be grouped together Law of Good Continuation (Gestalt) - Answer-elements that appear to follow the same pathway tend to be grouped together Gibson and Direct Perception - Answer-sensation is perception, what you see is what you get Information Processing Approach - Answer-a perspective on understanding cognition that divides thinking into specific steps and component processes (LIKE A COMPUTER) computational approach - Answer-Describes the problem the system is trying to solve and the constraints it uses in order to solve it, most abstract microelectrode - Answer-a very fine electrode, generally used to record activity of individual neurons Neurophysiology - Answer-explains the workings of the nervous system Agnosia - Answer-the inability to recognize familiar objects Prosopagnosia - Answer-inability to recognize faces