PHIL 235- Biomedical Ethics Questions and answers 100% guaranteed PASS

aining treatment to allow the patient to die from the underlying illness or injury Active Euthanasia - ANSWERdirect actions that result in the patient's death, such as giving the patient a lethal injection. Physician-assisted suicide - ANSWERVoluntary suicide by a patient committed with the assistance of her physician Eugenics - ANSWERControlled breeding practices used to improve the genetic quality of offspring Allocation - ANSWERDistribution of goods and services among alternative possibilities of their use Macroallocations (large scale) - ANSWERSocial decisions made about the expenditure for and distribution of resources intended for health care: ex: federal spending on healthcare Microallocation (Individual care) - ANSWERDecisions made by particular institutions or HCPS concerning who will obtain available resources; for example, which patient will receive an available organ. Commodification - ANSWERSelling and buying or profiting from the sale of the human body, its tissue to derive from research on it Morality - ANSWERA formal system meant to generate co-operative behaviour and regulate interpersonal social relations. Ethics - ANSWERStudy of morality Ethicists philosophers - ANSWERThose who study morality and its practical application Three categories of Ethics 1.1 Metaethics - ANSWERthe identification, explication, and critical evaluation of morality as a concept, abstracted from specific content or specific statements of behaviour meta (Beyond) where can it exist 1.2 Normative Ethics - ANSWERstatements, often in the form of principles or rules, that tell people what to do or how to behave to live a moral life. Four theories: Four theories of Normative ethics - ANSWERConsequentialism, Deontology (non consequentialism), Virtue Theory, Ethics of care 1.3 Applied Ethics - ANSWEREthicists, writing in applied ethics consider whether it is morally permissible for a physician to kill a patient. Looks at the most controversial issues. Consequentialism - ANSWERRight and wrong of an action Deontology - ANSWERSome things are right or wrong regardless the consequence. Virtue Ethics: what person should I be Ethics of care - ANSWERPrivileging the rational, individual and self-interested, account of human nature What two formal system of rules does morality obligate? - ANSWER1. Generating cooperative behaviour 2. Regulating interpersonal relations in such a way as to achieve that purpose The five C's - ANSWERCo-operation, compromise, compassion, Conquer, Conflict Negative Rights - ANSWERThose rights that prohibit government from acting in certain ways; rights that are not to be interfered with. ex: your right to not be harmed or killed creates an obligation that others refrain from shooting you or hitting Positive rights - ANSWERThe provision of some item or service. ex: Your right to receive health care Three categories of rights - ANSWER1. Moral right 2. Political rights 3. Legal rights Objectivism - ANSWERthe belief that certain things, especially moral truths, exist independently of human knowledge or perception of them. Facts Subjectivism - ANSWERunpredictable, no one knows that the next person will do or what actions they (dis)approve of. All about how the person feels, emotions and opinions