GMS 6401 Mock Exam 2024 Questions and Answers (Graded A+)

The kidney consists of specialized vascular and tubular structures (the nephron) which collaborate in the production of urine: - ANSWER-The glomerular capillary is surrounded by an epithelial structure which forms the beginning of the tubule. A diagnostic renal clearance experiment is conducted and the following steady state (= equilibrium) measurements are obtained on a 34 year old male subject, weighing 60 kg (assume that the renal plasma flow (RPF) is the same as the effective renal plasma flow (ERPF): Urine inulin = 200 mg/100ml Plasma inulin = 4 mg/100ml Urine flow (V) = 2ml/min Urine PAH = 1200 mg/100ml Plasma PAH = 6 mg/100ml - ANSWER-GFR = 100ml/min Any substance which is freely filtered at the glomerulus, is reabsorbed and is not secreted, will have a renal clearance that is: Choose one best answer. - ANSWER-Less than the clearance of inulin An increased protein excretion (proteinuria) can indicate glomerular damage. Which of the following changes are likely to cause proteinuria? Choose 1 best answer: - ANSWER-Loss of nephrin from the epithelial slit pore diaphragm Maintenance of a high glomerular filtration rate (GFR) is required for optimal kidney function. Which of the following options would be most likely to associate with a below optimal GFR in man? - ANSWER-A low glomerular capillary water permeability A selective increase in renal plasma flow (RPF) due to parallel relaxation of theafferent and efferent arterioles leads to: (Choose one best answer.) - ANSWER-A rise in GFR with no