Straighterline US Government Chapter 4 Exam Questions with complete solutions

United States v Jones (2012) - ANSWER-The Fourth Amendment's protection of "persons, houses, papers, and effects" reasonably extends to private property such as an automobile. civil liberties - ANSWER-Specific individual rights, such as the right to a fair trial, that are constitutionally protected against infringement by government. civil rights - ANSWER-a question of whether members of differing groups - racial, sexual, religious, and the like - are treated equally by government, and in some cases, by private parties. Bill of Rights - ANSWER-Ratified in 1791. The first ten amendments to the Constitution. At the time of adoption, they applied only to action by the federal government and not also to action by the states. Today, most of the rights contained in the Bill of rights are also protected from action by state governments, a development that owes to the adoption of the Fourteenth Amendment in the aftermath of the Civil War. Due Process Clause - ANSWER-Part of the Fourteenth Amendment. "No State shall...deprive any person of life, liberty, or property, without due process of law. Did the Supreme Court initially enforce the due process clause? - ANSWER-No, the Court largely ignored it until Gitlow v New York in 1925. Gitlow v New York - ANSWER-In 1925, the Court upheld New York's law making it illegal to advocate the violent overthrow of the U.S. government, yet it ruled that states do not have complete power over what they residents can legally say, invoking the Due Process clause. Fiske v. Kansas - ANSWER-The Court invalidated state law restricting expression in the area of free speech.