Heart Failure Practice Questions and Answers Rated A+

Heart Failure Practice Questions and Answers Rated A+ The home care nurse visits a 73-year-old Hispanic woman with chronic heart failure. Which clinical manifestations, if assessed by the nurse, would indicate acute decompensated heart failure (pulmonary edema)? A Fatigue, orthopnea, and dependent edema B Severe dyspnea and blood-streaked, frothy sputum C Temperature is 100.4o F and pulse is 102 beats/minute D Respirations 26 breaths/minute despite oxygen by nasal cannula B Severe dyspnea and blood-streaked, frothy sputum Clinical manifestations of pulmonary edema include anxiety, pallor, cyanosis, clammy and cold skin, severe dyspnea, use of accessory muscles of respiration, a respiratory rate 30 breaths per minute, orthopnea, wheezing, and coughing with the production of frothy, blood-tinged sputum. Auscultation of the lungs may reveal crackles, wheezes, and rhonchi throughout the lungs. The heart rate is rapid, and blood pressure may be elevated or decreased. A 54-year-old male patient who had bladder surgery 2 days ago develops acute decompensated heart failure (ADHF) with severe dyspnea. Which action by the nurse would be indicated first? A Perform a bladder scan to assess for urinary retention. B Restrict the patient's oral fluid intake to 500 mL per day. C Assist the patient to a sitting position with arms on the overbed table. D Instruct the patient to use pursed-lip breathing until the dyspnea subsides. C Assist the patient to a sitting position with arms on the overbed table. The nurse should place the patient with ADHF in a high Fowler's position with the feet horizontal in the bed or dangling at the bedside. This position helps decrease venous return because of the pooling of blood in the extremities. This position also increases the thoracic capacity, allowing for improved ventilation. Pursed-lip breathing helps with obstructive air trapping but not with acute pulmonary edema. Restricting fluids takes considerable time to have an effect. A70-year-old woman with chronic heart failure and atrial fibrillation asks the nurse why warfarin has been prescribed for her to continue at home. Which response by the nurse is accurate? A "The medication prevents blood clots from forming in your heart." B "The medication dissolves clots that develop in your coronary arteries." C "The medication reduces clotting by decreasing serum potassium levels." D "The medication increases your heart rate so that clots do not form in your heart." A "The medication prevents blood clots from forming in your heart." Chronic heart failure causes enlargement of the chambers of the heart and an altered electrical pathway, especially in the atria. When numerous sites in the atria fire spontaneously and rapidly, atrial fibrillation occurs. Atrial fibrillation promotes thrombus formation within the atria with an increased risk of stroke and requires treatment with cardioversion, antidysrhythmics, and/or anticoagulants. Warfarin is an anticoagulant that interferes with hepatic synthesis of vitamin K- dependent clotting factors. The nurse prepares to administer digoxin 0.125 mg to an 82-year-old man admitted with influenza and a history of chronic heart failure. What should the nurse assess before giving the medication? A Prothrombin time B Urine specific gravity C Serum potassium level D Hemoglobin and hematocrit C Serum potassium level Serum potassium should be monitored because hypokalemia increases the risk for digoxin toxicity. Changes in prothrombin time, urine specific