Heart Failure (med-surg) Questions and Answers Already Passed

Heart Failure (med-surg) Questions and Answers Already Passed What signs and symptoms would a patient with left HF present with? Select all that apply. a) Bilateral crackles b) Tachycardia c) Chest pain d) Wheeze e) Shortness of breath ANSWER: A, B, E The nursing instructor is teaching a pre-nursing pathophysiology class. The instructor is discussing heart failure. What assessment data, collected by the nurse, indicate an increase in a patient's risk for heart failure? a) Lasix 20 mg/day b) Potassium level of 5.7 mEq/L c) African-American man d) Age of 65 years or older ANSWER: D Rationale: HF is the most common reason for hospitalization of people older than 65 years of age and is the second most common reason for visits to a physician's office. A potassium level of 5.7 mEq/L does not indicate an increased risk for HF. The fact that the patient takes lasix 20 mg/day does not indicate an increased risk for HF. The fact that a patient is an African-American man does not indicate an increased risk for HF. You are assessing a patient suspected of having a right-sided HF. What assessment finding may indicate rightsided HF? a) Pulmonary edema b) Distended neck veins c) Dry cough d) Orthopnea ANSWER: B Rationale: Right-sided heart failure may manifest by distended neck veins, dependent edema, hepatomegaly, weight gain, ascites, anorexia, nausea, nocturia, and weakness. You are doing discharge teaching with a patient diagnosed with HF. What would you teach this patient to do to assess fluid balance? a) Monitor B/P b) Assess radial pulses c) Monitor weight daily d) Monitor bowel movements ANSWER: C Rationale: To monitor fluid balance at home, daily weights at the same time every day can be a good indicator of fluid balance. Assessing radial pulses and monitoring the blood pressure may be done, but they do not provide information about fluid balance. You are caring for an 84-year-old male who has just returned from the operating room after inguinal hernia repair. You note the patient has fluid volume excess from the OR and is at risk for left-sided HF. What signs and symptoms indicate left-sided HF? a) Jugular vein distention b) Right upper quadrant pain c) Bibasilar fine crackles d) Dependent edema ANSWER: C Bibasilar fine crackles are a sign of alveolar fluid, a sequel of left ventricular fluid, or pressure overload. Jugular vein distention, right upper quadrant pain (hepatomegaly),