Microbiology - NCLEX Prep Questions Chapter 12-14 Exam Questions and Answers 2024

Microbiology - NCLEX Prep Questions Chapter 12-14 Exam Questions and Answers 2024 A 14-year-old female presents to her primary care physician with reports of a sore throat and difficulty swallowing. The patient has been ill with cold symptoms approximately four times a year for the past five years. Upon assessment, the patient is found to have a low-grade fever, tender neck lymph nodes with palpable borders, and red swollen tonsils. Due to the patient's history of recurrent illness, the physician suggests a surgical consultation for a tonsillectomy. 1. What is the function of the tonsils? Trapping invading organisms Allowing extracellular fluid to return to circulation Trapping invading organisms and killing invading organisms Killing invading organisms 2. What line of defense do the tonsils serve? Second line of defense Third line of defense All of these choices are correct. First line of defense 3. In providing education to the patient and family, the RN explains that the tonsils are part of w - Answer-1. Trapping invading organisms and killing invading organisms 2. All of these choices are correct. 3. Lymphatic system 4. recurrent tonsillitis A 43-year-old female consults a telephone advice RN due to concern over persistent fever and lethargy. The patient reports an intermittent fever for the past month, as well as a 10-pounds weight loss and night sweats. She reports that she has a palpable lump under her right arm that is tender and firm to the touch. She also reports that her right breast is swollen larger than the left. The RN performs a detailed assessment of symptoms on the phone and refers the patient to her primary care physician for an appointment. 1. What is the most concerning possible cause of the patient's persistent fever and other symptoms? Bacterial infection Viral infection Cancer Collagen vascular disease 2. Based upon the patient's report, the RN infers that the tender, palpable lump under the right arm is most likely which of the following? Muscle Lymph node Spleen Connective tissue 3. The RN anticipates the physician will order whic - Answer-1. cancer 2. lymph node 3. all of the choices are correct 4. in the next 24 hours 5. endogenous pyrogens An RN on a general medical floor is caring for a 50-year-old male diagnosed with cellulitis, an inflammation of connective tissue and skin. The patient sustained a cut on his left hand while working on a construction project. He developed a high fever and signs of inflammation, necessitating admission for treatment. 1. Which of the following symptoms exhibited by the patient include all the classic signs and symptoms of inflammation? Warmth, redness, swelling, pain, loss of function Warmth, redness, swelling, pain, loss of function, fever Warmth, redness, swelling, pain Warmth, redness, swelling 2. Which of the following are physiological functions of inflammation in the body? Mobilization and attraction of immune components Destruction of microbes Repair of tissue and clearing of harmful substances All of these choices are correct. 3. The RN collects a complete blood count with differential to assess the patient's - Answer-1. Warmth, redness, swelling, pain, loss of function 2. all of these choices are correct 3. Increased neutrophils 4. Injury, vascular reaction, edema/pus formation, scar formation 5. lymphatic system JV is a 16-year-old male with cystic fibrosis. He has been admitted several times to your pulmonary inpatient unit with multiple microorganism infections, including Pseudomonas and H. Influenza. Because of the thickness of his mucous secretions, his cilia become immobile and unable to clear his lungs of bacteria harboring mucous. He is supposed to perform vigorous airway mucous clearance at home with a vibrating vest and IPV (Intrapulmonary Percussive Ventilation) device. However, he says that it takes hours and he does not always feel sick. Therefore, he often refuses to do his therapies at home. 1. If JV's cilia are unable to clear his lungs of mucous, what line of defense is being breached? second line of defense first and second lines of defense first line of defense third line of defense 2. JV asks you, as his bedside nurse, to explain to him why he keeps getting sick from the same bacteria. What is an approp - Answer-1. first line of defense 2. "Your mucous traps and harbors the microorganisms, and when they can't get cleared, they begin to breach your second and third lines of defense." 3. chemical excreting fighter cells 4. "Your body doesn't have the ability to protect itself because of its damaged immunity. You must do your exercises regularly." Mario is a 35-year-old male who has come into your ER with a laceration to his left hand. According to Mario, he was working on home renovations in his 1945 city bungalow, when an old board fell from a shelf and injured his hand. The laceration is a cut about 3 inches long, but fairly shallow. It appears that it was bleeding pretty heavily, but he has stopped the bleeding by holding pressure on it with an old t-shirt. He said it happened about an hour ago.