A&P Questions and Answers ,Guaranteed PASS

Simple squamous epithelium - ANSWERTiled floor (fried eggs). Location: endothlium (lining of cardio. system) Forms epithelial layer of serous membranes (mesothelium). Functions in sites of filtration and diffusion. Simple cuboidal epithelium - ANSWERsingle layer of cube shaped cells w/ round, centerally located nucleus. Covers surface of ovary, lines anterior surface of eye lens. Its function is secretion and absorption. nonciliated simple columnar epithelium - ANSWERhas goblet cells, Lines GI tract and gallbladder. Secrets and absorbs. goblet cells - ANSWERmodified c.e. cells that secrete mucus at apical surface. ciliated simple columnar epi - ANSWERLines some bronchioles, uterine tubes, uterus. Function: Cilia push mucus and foreign particles along the surface of the cell. pseudostratified columnar epi - ANSWERciliated variety lines upper respiratory tract and contains goblet cells, and traps particles which are swept away. nonciliated ducts of many glands. . Nonciliated absorbs and protects. stratified squamous epi.l - ANSWERsome are keratinized (in apical layers), some are not. Keratinized forms superficial layer of skin, non K. lines wet surfaces (mouth, esophagus, parts of epiglottis and pharynx, and vagina) and covers tounge. Both Protect against abraision, water loss, ultraviolet radiation and foriegn invasion. First line of defense against microbes. stratified cubiodal - ANSWERfairly rare. Ducts of adult sweat glands and esophageal glands, part of male urethra. Protection, limited secretion and absorption. stratified columnar epi - ANSWERuncommon, shortened, irregular cells. Only apical layer has columnar cells. Lines part of urethra; large excretory ducts of some glands such as esophageal; small areas in anal mucous membrane, part of conjunctiva of eye. Protects and secretes. transitional epi - ANSWERvariable appearance. looks like strat. cuboidal epi in relaxed state, but apical layer cells are large and rounded. As tissue is stretched, cells become flatter and look more like strat. squam. epi. Ideal for loning hollow structures due to multibple elastic layers. Lines urinary bladder, portions of ureters and urethra and allows urinary organs to stretch and maintain protective lining while holding variable amounts of fluid without rupturing. Epithelial tissues - ANSWERcover the body, line various structures, form glands. connective tissues - ANSWERprotect, support, bind organs together, store energy and help provide immunity. muscular tissue - ANSWERcontracts and generates force and heat. nervous tissue - ANSWERdetects changes in the environment and generates nerve impulses that activate muscular contraction and glandular secretion. What do gap junctions do? - ANSWERallow cellular communication via passage of electrical and chemical signals between adjacent cells. which types of cell junctions are found in epithelial cells? - ANSWERtight junctions, adherens junctions, Which type of junction prevents the contents of organs from leaking into surrounding tissues? - ANSWERtight junctions. Why are epithelial and connective tissues found adjacent to each other? - ANSWERBecause epithelial tissues lack blood vessles and form surfaces, they are always found immediately adjacent to blood vessel rich connective tissue. This allows them to make exchanges with the blood necessary for the delivery of oxygen and nutrients and the removal of wastes. (this is critical to their survival). which cell shape is best adapted for the rapid movement of substances from one cell to another ? - ANSWERSubstances move more quickly through squamous cells because they are so thin. what are the functions of the basement membrane? - ANSWERthe basement membrane plays a part in growth and wound healing, and proveides physical support for the epithelium. what is a burn - ANSWERtissue damage caused by excessive heat, electricity, radioactivity, or corrosive chemicals that denature proteins in the cells. what are the skins three main contributions to homeostasis that are a major consideration for a burn victim? - ANSWERprotection against microbial invasion, dehydration and thermoregulation. First degree - ANSWERonly epidermis. mild pain and redness, no blisters. Second degree - ANSWERdestroys the epidermis and part of the dermis - some skin functions are lost. Redness, blister formation, edema, and pain result. Third degree - ANSWERfull-thickness burn (destroys the epidermis, dermis, and subcutaneous layer). Most skin functions are lost, and the region is numb because sensory nerve endings have been destroyed. a major burn includes - ANSWER3rd over 10% of body surface area; or 2o burns over 25% of body surface area; or Any 3o burns on the face, hands, feet, or perineum (which includes the anal and urogenital regions) what are the two major types of epithelial tissue? - ANSWERglandular and covering/lining. Basement membrane - ANSWERthin, extracellular layer consisting of basil lamina and reticular lamina. basil lamina - ANSWERthin layer, closer (and secreted by) epithelil cells. contains laminin and hes epithelial cells to basement membrane. reticular lamina - ANSWERcloser to underlying connective tissue, contains fibroblasts. attaches and supports overlying epi. tissue. also participates in filtration of blood in kidneys. covering and lining epi. - ANSWERforms outer covering of skin and some internal organs. forms inner lining of blood vessles, ducts, body cavities and interior of respiratory, digestive, urinary and reproductive. glandular epi. - ANSWERmakes up secreting portion of thyroid, adrenal and sweat glands. which cell shape is best adapted for the rapid movement of substa