NURS MISC critical care test 1 Testbank Top Predicted Questions and Correct Answers 2024

IV push medications - epi: for every dead/pulseless person, vasopressin, lidocaine, amiodarone (all tachy arrhythmias), atropine (sinus bradycardia), adenosine (SVT) continuous IV infusions - magnesium sulfate, dopamine, epi (alive pts), amiodarone, lidocaine, heparin alpha 1 durgs - activates peripheral leading to vasoconstriction beta 1 - works on heart (we only have 1 heart), can't take bronchodilators with this beta 2 - works on lungs (2 lungs) epinephrine - dead or dying patients, uses: cardiac arrest, bradycardia, anaphylatic increases HR and BP w/ vasoconstriction, Side effects= works too well so increases workload of heart vasopressin - IVP push for cardiac arrest or continuous IV to treat low BP, lidocaine - numbs heart, lots of negative SE: drowsiness, altered LOC, seizures, weight based loading doses, CANNOT use more than 24 hours amiodarone - all tachys: a fib, recurrent v fib and v tach, a flutter, can cause sinus brady, blue/gray color to skin, use central line bc hard on veins, IV filter and glass bottle adenosine - pauses heart for 1-10 sec, use for SVT, so have crash cart ready, dopamine - depends on dose for action, low dose (2-5 mcg/kg/min): increases urinary output, moderate dose (5-10mcg/kg/min), increases HR/BP, high dose (10 mcg/kg/min): use for shock, HF, AKI heparin/enoxaparin - prevent clots, focus on PTT for blood thinness reversal: protamine sulfate warfarin/ Coumadin - anticoagulant, 2-3 days to take effect, oral heparin, antidote: vitamin K, lovanox is similar with less doses and already drawn up, but expensive digoxin - increase myocardial contractions, always take apical pulse: if 60 do not give and tell provider, watch for digoxin toxicity=electrolyte imbalance (low potassium) diuretics - loop: furosemide, thiazide: hydrochlorothiazide, potassium sparing: spironolactone nitroglycerine - coronary artery vasospasm for angoina, watch for hypotension, cannot take with viagra, if 2nd dose is required=go to ED, have pt sit on bed or floor with back against wall symptoms of dysrhythmias - palpitation, hypotension, diaphoresis, SOB, syncope P wave and PR interval - depolarization of atria interval: normal 0.12-0.20 (one small box is 0.04, one big box is 0.2) QRS - depolarization of ventricles, normal 0.04-0.12 ST segment and T wave - time between ventricular depolarization and repolarization, only name rhythms if looking for MI (PQRS names) steps for EKG interpretation - what is rate p waves present and normal