HUBS 191 progress test 2 With Complete solutions

HUBS 191 progress test 2 With Complete solutions central nervous system - answernervous system consisting of brain and spinal cord peripheral nervous system - answernervous system consisting of peripheral nerves glia - answer'glue' provide support for neurons, 5 type, 4 in CNS, 1 in PNS neurons - answernerve cells, transmission of information dendrites - answerrecieve input, send info into cell body cell body - answercontains nucleus and organelles axon - answercarries electrical impulses, may/may not be myelinated axon terminals - answerend terminus of the axon, neuro transmitter release tract - answerbundle of axons in the CNS grey matter - answergroup of cell bodies in cerebral cortex/spinal cord white matter - answerbundle of axons in cerebral cortex/spinal cord ganglion - answergroup of cell bodies in PNS nerve - answerbundle of axons in PNS input zone - answerdendrites and cell body, receives chemical signals from other neurons summation zone - answeraxon hillock, decides to transmit signal or not conduction zone - answeraxon may be quite long, carry electrical signals between brain areas to and from spinal cord or to and from peripheral sensory receptors output zone - answeraxon terminals, contact input of other neurons, release of neuro transmitter multipolar - answermultiple processes emanate from the cell body, the 'typical' neuron bipolar - answer2 processes emanate from the cell body (axon and long bridge to dendrites unipolar - answer1 process emanates from cell body (hangs on side of axon) anaxonic - answerno distinct axon, all processes look alike astrocytes - answersupply nutrients to neuron, ensheath blood capillaries, transmit information, CNS microglia - answerimmune cells of the CNS, engulf micro organisms / debris ependymal cells - answerline fluid filled spaces of brain and spinal cord, have cillia to circulate CSF, CNS oligodentrocytes - answersupport nerve fibres, ensheath them with myelin, CNS schwann cells - answersupport peripheral nerve fibres, ensheath them with myelin, similar to oligodendrocytes, PNS myelin sheath - answerlipid wrapped around axon, increases conduction velocity, multiple schwann cells in a row form the myelin sheath, gaps between myelin called nodes of ranivier Synapse/Synpatic Cleft - answerneuro transmitter release from one axon terminals where electrical turns to chemical afferent - answerinformation going into the brain efferent - answerinformation out of brain flow of information - answerinfo comes through receptors, afferent nerves, into CNS, integration/coordination, motor efferent (somatic or autonomic) somatic - answerthe stuff we are aware of and have control over somatic afferent - answersensory information of what we are aware of somatic efferent - answervoluntary muscle control, 2 neurons between brain and effector, upper and lower motor neuron upper motor neuron - answercell body in brain, axon in spinal cord lower motor neuron - answercell body in spinal cord, axon in spinal nerve neuro-muscular junction - answerWhere neuron releases neurotransmitters (ACh) that depolarize muscle fiber cells - contraction autonomic - answerinvoluntary control, 3 neurons between brain and effector, 2 divisions, sympathetic and parasympathetic autonomic neuron 1 - answercell body in brain, axon in brain or spinal cord (CNS) autonomic neuron 2 - answercell body in brain or spinal cord, axon in PNS , myelinated, neurotransmitter = ACh