NUR 265 Exam 3 Study Guide & Exam Questions and Answers: Guaranteed A+ Guide

Increased ICP (939-940, chart 941) • Normal ICP 10-15 mmHg, pressures 20 mmHg impair cerebral circulation • IICP is leading cause of death from head trauma in pts who reach the hospital alive. • Cerebral Perfusion Pressure (CPP) o Blood flow required to provide adequate oxygenation & glucose for brain metabolism o Maintenance above 70 mmHg o CPP= MAP-ICP ▪ MAP= (2xD) + S MAP NEEDS TO BE ATLEAST 803 • Compensation o First Response – CSF is shunted or displaced into the spine (compliance) o Next – Reduction of blood volume in the brain (autoregulation) o As ICP continues to increase cerebral perfusion decreases leading to brain tissue ischemia, edema, vasodilationthen acidosis which causes further increases ICP o In edema remains untreated the brain may herniate into spinal canal – death from brain stem compression • Assessment Findings o Changes in LOC – First sign of IICP is declining LOC & includes restlessness or confusion to Stuporous ▪ W/o glucose & 02, brain shuts down. Ex. Pt knew who you were in am & now don’t remember o Headache – Quite environment may