PNR201 EXAM 1 (Answered) Verified Solution

PNR201 EXAM 1 (Answered) Verified Solution What tasks are in the scope of practice for an LPN? Caregiver, educator, collaborator, advocate, leader, and delegator. Therapeutic communication and active listening. Giving full attention, being aware of both verbal and non-verbal messages What task can the LPN delegate to the unlicensed techs? making unoccupied beds, supervising patient ambulation, assisting with hygiene, and feeding meals can be delegated. What are 5 rights to delegation and example of each. Right task -delegated for a specific patient such as tasks that require little supervision, are repetitive, noninvasive, and have predictable results with minimal risk involved. Right Circumstance - patient setting, available resources, and other relevant factors before delegating a task. Right person - delegating the appropriate tasks to the right healthcare person to be performed on the correct patient. Right direction/communication - Consider the "4 C's" when giving direction and communicating, which includes clear, concise, complete, and correct information. Right Supervision - Provide appropriate monitoring and evaluation as well as intervention and feedback as needed. How can the LPN promote med safety when caring for a patient? "The Five Rights" Right patient Right drug Right dose Right route Right time. What are some practices that could lead to increased health care cost? 1. Only take linens and supplies that will be used immediately into the patient's room. Supplies not used for the patient must be put in the trash and unused linens must be rewashed. 2. Follow facility policy for documenting all patient care for reimbursement. 3. Organize patient care for effective and efficient use of time. It is less expensive to do something right the first time. 4. Implement nursing care to help prevent complications and catch signs of complications. What are early symptoms of inadequate oxygenation? Restlessness, agitation, or mental confusion or an increase in heart rate are early indicators of inadequate oxygenation of the blood. Make sure you have a baseline assessment of mental status and vital signs to be able to identify early changes. When will the LPN need to use critical thinking? During patient care Examples of critical thinking during patients care? • Collecting data in an organized way • Verifying data • Looking for gaps in information • Analyzing the data The nursing processes. All the stages and examples. 1. Data collection: Assist the RN by systematically gathering and reviewing information about the patient and communicating it to appropriate members of the health care team. The nursing processes. All the stages and examples. 2. Planning: Assist the RN in the development of expected outcomes and interventions for a patient's plan of care. The nursing processes. All the stages and examples. 3. Implementation: Provide planned nursing care to accomplish expected outcomes. The nursing processes. All the stages and examples. 4. Evaluation: Compare actual outcomes of nursing care to expected outcomes and assist with updating the nursing care plan. What is subjective data? (Examples) Data that only the subject or "patient" can feel and will tell you. Usually in a statement. What is objective data? (Examples) What you observe and can measure What is the function of the skin? Provides a protective barrier against mechanical, thermal and physical injury and hazardous substances. Prevents loss of moisture. Reduces harmful effects of UV radiation. Acts as a sensory organ (touch, detects temperature). Therapeutic communication and examples Therapeutic communication and active listening (listening with concentration and focused energy) are incorporated into your care. EX Have you observed a patient being treated in a less-than-respectful manner? How did it make you feel? How would you have treated the patient to preserve or build self-esteem? What are the signs and symptoms of cellulitis? is an infection of the dermis and subcutaneous tissue and is generally caused by Staphylococcus. The area will be erythematous, swollen, and painful. It is treated with systemic antibiotics, and Burow soaks may be used to relieve pain. What is a skin tear? break or rip in outer layer of skin Who is more at risk for skin tears? Those individuals who require total care are at the highest risk. And older adults over 65 What is drug abuse in the skin? Cutaneous signs of drug abuse include skin granulomas, ulcerations, and recurrent infections. What could you see? (drug abuse) cause a variety of infections, sores, inflammation, or even rotting of the skin Steps of applying a topical medication? Powders • Dry the area thoroughly before applying powder to prevent caking. • Do not apply to raw and denuded areas. • Some powders, such as cornstarch, can serve as culture media for the growth of bacteria. Ointment • Use only a small amount and gently massage into the skin until a thin film covers the area. An exception is when ointment is used as an occlusive dressing, as for a burn. • Ointments tend to leave a greasy feeling to the skin. They are best for chronic lesions because they help the skin retain moisture and natural oils. • Avoid putting ointment on areas where the skin is creased and overlaps itself. wound staging Suspected deep tissue injury Stage I Stage II Stage III Unstageable debridement removal of foreign material and dead or damaged tissue from a wound Treatment and Nursing Interventions for Pressure Ulcers Debridement Cleansing and dressing Other treatment methods Documentation and Pressure Ulcer Scale for Healing (PUSH) tool Color of Purulent Exudate and Probable Pathogen • Beige with a fishy odor: Proteus • Brown with a fecal odor: Bacteroides • Creamy yellow: Staphylococcus • Green-blue with a fruity odor: Pseudomonas What is contact dermatitis? an inflammation caused by contact with a substance or chemical What are the signs and symptoms of dermatitis? Local skin irritation is evident within a few hours or days after exposure to an antigen. Erythema and swelling, pruritus, and the appearance of vesicular lesions follow. Examples of dermatitis Atopic dermatitis (also called eczema) Stasis dermatitis - generally occurs on the legs as a result of venous stasis and edema hyperpigmentation (excessive pigmentation) occur. Seborrheic dermatitis is a common inflammation involving the scalp, eyebrows, eyelids, ear canals, nasolabial folds, axillae, chest, and back. skin lesions