ABO Advanced Predicted Questions and Correct Answers 2024

Ophthalmic prescription is the formula to correct what? - To correct refractive anomalies in an individual patient With prism, do you have to specify the direction? - Yes What does Anisometropia and Antimetropia have in common? - Both may result in the condition where unequal images are sent to the brain by the eyes. Aniseikonia - The condition that cause two unequal images being sent to the brain What lenses do you use to fix Aniseikonia? - Iseikonic Lenses When a patient comes up with a new RX, what should you check before starting on the new RX? - Check previous RX to compare to new RX for any concerns or differences What's the importance of Lifestyle Questioning? - It helps find the exact needs and expectations the patient will have for their glasses Where is the image formed from Refraction? - On the retina Do all refractive components have plus or minus dioptric powers? - Plus Dioptric Powers How many diopters does the cornea perform? - 43 Diopters How many diopters does the crystalline lens perform? - 17 Diopters What is the approximate combination of the crystalline lens and the cornea in diopters? - 60 Diopters What is the average axial length of the eye? - 26.5 mm Emmetropia - The 'normal' ocular refractive condition Non-Standard Emmetropia - Contains excessive plus power in the cornea and/or crystalline lens BUT may have a shorter axial length Ametropia - Any error of refraction in the eye Hyperopia (in regards to light) - Rays of light strike the retina BEFORE coming to focus Where do images come to focus for Hyperopia? - BEHIND the retina What is Hyperopia also referred to? - Farsighted or Long Sight Curvature Hyperopia - Due to the Cornea or Crystalline Lens being too flat for the axial length of the eye Chart Abbreviations: VA - Visual Acuity Chart Abbreviations: Cc - With Correction Chart Abbreviations: Sc - Without Correction Chart Abbreviations: N - Near Chart Abbreviations: D - Distance Chart Abbreviations: PH - Pinhole Chart Abbreviations: J - Jaeger Notation Each letter on an acuity chart subtends a _____ angle to the eye at a given distance. - 5 Minute Angle If a patient is NLP or No Light Perception they are? - Totally blind What is the purpose of Keratometry? - To assess the curvature and toricity of the cornea If the axis of the flattest meridian is 180 +/- 30 degrees, it is considered __________? - With the Rule If the axis of the flattest meridian is 90 +/- 30 degrees, it is considered __________? - Against the Rule If the axis is between 30 & 60 or 120 & 150, it is considered __________? - Oblique What is the purpose of retinoscopy? - Objectively determine the refractive status of the patients eyes