FCCS 2024
Most important indicator that a patient has a severe illness? - ANSWER-Tachypnea
3 respiratory types, and their criteria - ANSWER-Hypoxemic (PaO2 <50-60)
Hypercapnic (PaCO2 >50, pH <7.36)
Mixed
Delta gap (formula, when and why it's used) - ANSWER-Difference in AG from normal - Difference in HCO3 from normal
In AG metabolic acidosis it's used. It tells you if there's underlying metabolic alkalosis or
respiratory acidosis with bicarb compensation IN ADDITION to the AG metabolic acidosis. Both of those would result in a high bicarb to begin with, and a smaller change
in bicarb from normal.
Winter's formula (equation, what it measures) - ANSWER-1.5[HCO3] + 8 +/- 2
If compensation is adequate in acid/base issues
How AG changes with albumin changes - ANSWER-Decreases 2.5-3 for every 1 decrease in albumin
Hemodynamic changes after intubation - ANSWER-Hypo/hypertension
Arrhythmia
Tachycardia
Pressure support equation for BiPAP - ANSWER-IPAP - EPAP
3 types of vent cycles - ANSWER-Volume (preset tidal volume, relieves WOB the most)
Time (constant pressure of time)
Flow (constant pressure until inspiratory flow is below 25% of peak)
Goal tidal volume - ANSWER-10 cc/kg
Goal FiO2 on vent - ANSWER-Start at 1.0, then decrease as SpO2 tolerates (goal of 92-94 saturation)
Ppeak - ANSWER-Peak inspiratory pressure
Pplat (try to keep it below ?) - ANSWER-Inspiratory plateau pressure (shows alveolar distention)
30
AutoPEEP (what it is, what it causes, how to fix it) - ANSWER-Breath stacking
Most important indicator that a patient has a severe illness? - ANSWER-Tachypnea
3 respiratory types, and their criteria - ANSWER-Hypoxemic (PaO2 <50-60)
Hypercapnic (PaCO2 >50, pH <7.36)
Mixed
Delta gap (formula, when and why it's used) - ANSWER-Difference in AG from normal - Difference in HCO3 from normal
In AG metabolic acidosis it's used. It tells you if there's underlying metabolic alkalosis or
respiratory acidosis with bicarb compensation IN ADDITION to the AG metabolic acidosis. Both of those would result in a high bicarb to begin with, and a smaller change
in bicarb from normal.
Winter's formula (equation, what it measures) - ANSWER-1.5[HCO3] + 8 +/- 2
If compensation is adequate in acid/base issues
How AG changes with albumin changes - ANSWER-Decreases 2.5-3 for every 1 decrease in albumin
Hemodynamic changes after intubation - ANSWER-Hypo/hypertension
Arrhythmia
Tachycardia
Pressure support equation for BiPAP - ANSWER-IPAP - EPAP
3 types of vent cycles - ANSWER-Volume (preset tidal volume, relieves WOB the most)
Time (constant pressure of time)
Flow (constant pressure until inspiratory flow is below 25% of peak)
Goal tidal volume - ANSWER-10 cc/kg
Goal FiO2 on vent - ANSWER-Start at 1.0, then decrease as SpO2 tolerates (goal of 92-94 saturation)
Ppeak - ANSWER-Peak inspiratory pressure
Pplat (try to keep it below ?) - ANSWER-Inspiratory plateau pressure (shows alveolar distention)
30
AutoPEEP (what it is, what it causes, how to fix it) - ANSWER-Breath stacking
